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词汇点睛
1. surprise
① 名词,意思是“惊讶, 惊奇,诧异”
如:It’s a big surprise to me that he came to my birthday.
他能来参加我的生日聚会,让我很惊讶。
【短语链接】 1) to one’s surprise(n.) 让某人惊讶的是
如: To my surprise, he refused my presents. 让我惊讶的是,他拒绝了我的礼物。
2) in surprise (n.)意思是“吃惊地,惊奇地”
如: They looked at each other in surprise. 他们面面相觑。
【用法辨析】 in surprise与to one′s surprise的区别
1) in surprise意为“惊奇地”常位于动词之后作状语,表示方式。
如: John turned around and looked at me in surprise.
约翰转过身来,惊奇地望着我。
2) to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是”、“出乎意料地”,常位于句首,作状语
如:To our surprise, she failed in the exam. 使我们奇怪的是,她考试没及格。
② 作及物动词,意思是“使(人)感到惊讶”,后面可以直接跟宾语。
例如: His progress surprised me. 他的进步使我感到惊讶。
【易错提醒】 surprise 的现在分词 surprising 和过去分词 surprised 都可以作形容词,只不过 surprising 在句中多作定语,后面跟名词,
如: He gave me some surprising news. 他给我带来一些令人惊讶的消息。
surprising 有时也作表语,但主语多是物。
如: The result is surprising. 结果是令人惊讶的。
而 surprised 在句中多作表语,后面可接不定式或从句,其主语多是人。
如: I was surprised to see him there. 我真想不到会在那儿见到他。
如果我们想把 surprising 和 surprised 区分开来,大家不妨记住这个句子:
We are surprised at his surprising success.我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。
【链接中考】
( ) 1. I had a hard time with math andI wasn’t?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇 to get the bad report from my math teacher.(2010.成都)
A. sure B. surprised C. excited
【答案解析】 题意为“我的数学学得很吃力,数学成绩不好不奇怪”。故B项正确
( ) 2. Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a ?摇 ?摇?摇.
A. gift B. call
C. surprise D. note
【答案解析】 本题考查名词词意的理解,结合句意“Sandy没有告诉她父母她准备回家时想给他们一个惊喜。”可知答案选C。
2. pride n. 自豪;骄傲
【短语链接】 1)the pride of ...的骄傲
如:He is the pride of the whole world.
2) take pride in?摇以……为自豪,对……感到得意
We take pride in our paintings. 我们为自己的绘画感到自豪。
3) be the pride of sb 是……的骄傲?摇
It is the pride of Chinese people. 它是中国人的骄傲。
【易错提醒】 pride和proud的区别
pride是名词,意思是骄傲
如:He is the pride of his family.
他是他们家的骄傲。
proud是形容词,意思是自豪的 be proud of sb/sth
如:His family is proud of him。
他们家以他为自豪。
【链接中考】
( )We felt when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.(2011·安徽)
A. brave B. proud
C. successful D. worried
【答案解析】 句意:“刘翔又一次赢得了第一名,我们为他骄傲。”考查形容词词义。
brave 勇敢的; proud?摇自豪的; successful 成功的; worried 担心的,焦虑的。结合题意可知,我们应该是“自豪的”故选B。
3. suggest vt.建议,提议 【短语链接】 1)suggest sb doing sth
I suggest our going to the park on Sunday.
我建议我们星期天去公园。
2) 疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句;suggest what to do/ what we should do
The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.
牙医建议她改天再来。
suggestion (n.) 建议 名词 可数名词
give me some suggestions
【单词辨析】 advice; advise ;suggestion
advise劝告,建议(动词)?摇如:What do you advise me to do?
① advise doing sth 建议做某事。如:
He advised leaving early.他建议早点动身。
注:不能直接后跟不定式作宾语。
所以不能说:* He advised to leave early.
② advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事。如:
He advised me to buy a computer.他建议我买台电脑。
注:以上意思也可用后接从句的形式表达(注意从句用 should+v. 这样的虚拟语气)。如上面第一句也可说成 He advised that I (should) buy a computer.
advice劝告(名词)。如:I want to give you some advice。
4. serve vt.
为……服务;为……服役;接待;符合;充当
例如: Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.
必须教育孩子长大后为国家服务。
She served me a cup of coffee.她给我端上一杯咖啡。
【短语链接】 serve as?摇意思是“担任,充当”相当于 act as
例如: The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two.
这个沙发可以当床凑合睡一两夜。
1. service名词,意思是 “服务,公共设施,公用事业”
That hotel is noted for its fine service.
【短语链接】 be in service意思是“在职,服役,在使用”
例如: The bridge has been in service for 3 years.
大桥投入事业已有三年了。
at sb’s service 意思是“听候某人吩咐,听凭某人差遣”
If you need anything,I am at your service.
那家旅馆以服务优良著称。
【链接中考】
( )The customers are pleased with the of the restaurant .(2010 上海)
A. balance B. experience
C. surface D. service
【答案解析】 本题考查名词的词义理解。由题干中的“顾客”和“饭店”可以推断出,对应的名词应是D. service?摇服务?摇?摇A. balance?摇是平衡的意思?摇B. experience 是经验,经历?摇 C. surface?摇是表面、外表的意思?摇 故选择D最为合适
5. raise vt.引起,抱起; 提高(价格等); 养育; 筹集
raise money for...为……募集钱
raise one’s hand 举起手
【易错提醒】 raise, rise的区分
① raise是及物动词,后接宾语,可用于被动语态。表示把人或物提高到较高的位置(水平),即指具体的物,又用于抽象意义。如:
raise one’s hand/head/eyes/a stone/the flag/one’s pay/ the price/one’s voice
举起手/抬起头/往上看/举起石头/升旗/提高工资/提价/声音大点。
② rise是不及物动词,不能接宾语,无被动语态,表示“上升,升起,起身,起立,起床,增长”等意义。如:river rise河水涨;price rise 物价上涨;rise from one’s seat从座位上站起来;rise early早起。
短语:raise a shout of joy高兴地喊起;
raise chickens/horses/children/a question养鸡/养马/养育孩子/提出问题;rise up起义,奋起反抗;get a rise /raise增加工资。
【链接中考】
( ) The sun?摇?摇?摇 ?摇 in the east and sets in the west.
A. raise B.raises
C. rise D.rises 【答案解析】 本题考查raise, rise用法区分以及时态,raise是及物动词,后接宾语,rise是不及物动词,不能接宾语,时态用一般现在时,三单形式。故答案为D。
句型透视
1. Although there’s still a long way to go, we’d better continue to the end.
尽管还有相当长的路要走,我们最好坚持到底。
although意思相当于though(尽管,虽然),用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and,so等连用,但可以和yet,still等词连用。
如:①Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.
尽管这本书很旧,我们还是决定买。
② There is air all around us, although we cannot see it.
虽然我们看见空气,空气却存在于我们的周围。
③ Although Princeton has a world-famous university, it is still a small quiet town.
普林斯顿虽然有一所世界闻名的大学,但仍然是个安静的小镇。
【易错提醒】 although和though 的区分
① although连接的让步状语从句,后面主句中不能再用连接词but。
② although和though同义,基本上可互换使用,但习惯上句首多用although。另外,在短语even though(即使)和as though(仿佛,似乎)中不能换用 although。
【链接中考】
( ) hamburgers are junk food , many children like them.(2011 山东)
A. If B. Although
C. Because D. Unless
【答案解析】 本题考查连词的意思。A.If 如果 C.Because因为?摇D.Unless 除非B. Although 虽然,结合句意“虽然汉堡是垃圾食物,但是很多孩子喜欢它们。”故答案选择B。
2. Unless you have a map,you will get lost easily in it.
除非你有地图,否则你会很容易迷路的。
unless conj. 连词 除非,如果不 相当于if...not
含有unless引导的条件状语从句的复合句,可以转换为“祈使句+or +句子”
You will fail unless you work hard.
=You will fail if you don’t work hard.
=Work hard, or you will fail.
如果你不努力工作,就会失败。
【链接中考】
( ) I don’t like western food , I won’t eat it am very hungry.
A. If ?摇 B. since?摇 ?摇 C. when ?摇 ?摇 D. unless
【答案解析】本题考查连词的意思。A.if?摇如果 ?摇B.since由于,既然?摇 C.when 当……时候 ?摇?摇D.unless 除非 ,结合句意“我不喜欢西餐,我不会吃它,除非我很饿。” 故答案选择C。
(责任编辑:王睿枫)
1. surprise
① 名词,意思是“惊讶, 惊奇,诧异”
如:It’s a big surprise to me that he came to my birthday.
他能来参加我的生日聚会,让我很惊讶。
【短语链接】 1) to one’s surprise(n.) 让某人惊讶的是
如: To my surprise, he refused my presents. 让我惊讶的是,他拒绝了我的礼物。
2) in surprise (n.)意思是“吃惊地,惊奇地”
如: They looked at each other in surprise. 他们面面相觑。
【用法辨析】 in surprise与to one′s surprise的区别
1) in surprise意为“惊奇地”常位于动词之后作状语,表示方式。
如: John turned around and looked at me in surprise.
约翰转过身来,惊奇地望着我。
2) to one’s surprise意为“使某人吃惊的是”、“出乎意料地”,常位于句首,作状语
如:To our surprise, she failed in the exam. 使我们奇怪的是,她考试没及格。
② 作及物动词,意思是“使(人)感到惊讶”,后面可以直接跟宾语。
例如: His progress surprised me. 他的进步使我感到惊讶。
【易错提醒】 surprise 的现在分词 surprising 和过去分词 surprised 都可以作形容词,只不过 surprising 在句中多作定语,后面跟名词,
如: He gave me some surprising news. 他给我带来一些令人惊讶的消息。
surprising 有时也作表语,但主语多是物。
如: The result is surprising. 结果是令人惊讶的。
而 surprised 在句中多作表语,后面可接不定式或从句,其主语多是人。
如: I was surprised to see him there. 我真想不到会在那儿见到他。
如果我们想把 surprising 和 surprised 区分开来,大家不妨记住这个句子:
We are surprised at his surprising success.我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。
【链接中考】
( ) 1. I had a hard time with math andI wasn’t?摇?摇?摇?摇?摇 to get the bad report from my math teacher.(2010.成都)
A. sure B. surprised C. excited
【答案解析】 题意为“我的数学学得很吃力,数学成绩不好不奇怪”。故B项正确
( ) 2. Sandy didn’t tell her parents that she was going home because she wanted to give them a ?摇 ?摇?摇.
A. gift B. call
C. surprise D. note
【答案解析】 本题考查名词词意的理解,结合句意“Sandy没有告诉她父母她准备回家时想给他们一个惊喜。”可知答案选C。
2. pride n. 自豪;骄傲
【短语链接】 1)the pride of ...的骄傲
如:He is the pride of the whole world.
2) take pride in?摇以……为自豪,对……感到得意
We take pride in our paintings. 我们为自己的绘画感到自豪。
3) be the pride of sb 是……的骄傲?摇
It is the pride of Chinese people. 它是中国人的骄傲。
【易错提醒】 pride和proud的区别
pride是名词,意思是骄傲
如:He is the pride of his family.
他是他们家的骄傲。
proud是形容词,意思是自豪的 be proud of sb/sth
如:His family is proud of him。
他们家以他为自豪。
【链接中考】
( )We felt when Liu Xiang won the first prize again in the race.(2011·安徽)
A. brave B. proud
C. successful D. worried
【答案解析】 句意:“刘翔又一次赢得了第一名,我们为他骄傲。”考查形容词词义。
brave 勇敢的; proud?摇自豪的; successful 成功的; worried 担心的,焦虑的。结合题意可知,我们应该是“自豪的”故选B。
3. suggest vt.建议,提议 【短语链接】 1)suggest sb doing sth
I suggest our going to the park on Sunday.
我建议我们星期天去公园。
2) 疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句;suggest what to do/ what we should do
The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.
牙医建议她改天再来。
suggestion (n.) 建议 名词 可数名词
give me some suggestions
【单词辨析】 advice; advise ;suggestion
advise劝告,建议(动词)?摇如:What do you advise me to do?
① advise doing sth 建议做某事。如:
He advised leaving early.他建议早点动身。
注:不能直接后跟不定式作宾语。
所以不能说:* He advised to leave early.
② advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事。如:
He advised me to buy a computer.他建议我买台电脑。
注:以上意思也可用后接从句的形式表达(注意从句用 should+v. 这样的虚拟语气)。如上面第一句也可说成 He advised that I (should) buy a computer.
advice劝告(名词)。如:I want to give you some advice。
4. serve vt.
为……服务;为……服役;接待;符合;充当
例如: Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.
必须教育孩子长大后为国家服务。
She served me a cup of coffee.她给我端上一杯咖啡。
【短语链接】 serve as?摇意思是“担任,充当”相当于 act as
例如: The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two.
这个沙发可以当床凑合睡一两夜。
1. service名词,意思是 “服务,公共设施,公用事业”
That hotel is noted for its fine service.
【短语链接】 be in service意思是“在职,服役,在使用”
例如: The bridge has been in service for 3 years.
大桥投入事业已有三年了。
at sb’s service 意思是“听候某人吩咐,听凭某人差遣”
If you need anything,I am at your service.
那家旅馆以服务优良著称。
【链接中考】
( )The customers are pleased with the of the restaurant .(2010 上海)
A. balance B. experience
C. surface D. service
【答案解析】 本题考查名词的词义理解。由题干中的“顾客”和“饭店”可以推断出,对应的名词应是D. service?摇服务?摇?摇A. balance?摇是平衡的意思?摇B. experience 是经验,经历?摇 C. surface?摇是表面、外表的意思?摇 故选择D最为合适
5. raise vt.引起,抱起; 提高(价格等); 养育; 筹集
raise money for...为……募集钱
raise one’s hand 举起手
【易错提醒】 raise, rise的区分
① raise是及物动词,后接宾语,可用于被动语态。表示把人或物提高到较高的位置(水平),即指具体的物,又用于抽象意义。如:
raise one’s hand/head/eyes/a stone/the flag/one’s pay/ the price/one’s voice
举起手/抬起头/往上看/举起石头/升旗/提高工资/提价/声音大点。
② rise是不及物动词,不能接宾语,无被动语态,表示“上升,升起,起身,起立,起床,增长”等意义。如:river rise河水涨;price rise 物价上涨;rise from one’s seat从座位上站起来;rise early早起。
短语:raise a shout of joy高兴地喊起;
raise chickens/horses/children/a question养鸡/养马/养育孩子/提出问题;rise up起义,奋起反抗;get a rise /raise增加工资。
【链接中考】
( ) The sun?摇?摇?摇 ?摇 in the east and sets in the west.
A. raise B.raises
C. rise D.rises 【答案解析】 本题考查raise, rise用法区分以及时态,raise是及物动词,后接宾语,rise是不及物动词,不能接宾语,时态用一般现在时,三单形式。故答案为D。
句型透视
1. Although there’s still a long way to go, we’d better continue to the end.
尽管还有相当长的路要走,我们最好坚持到底。
although意思相当于though(尽管,虽然),用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and,so等连用,但可以和yet,still等词连用。
如:①Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.
尽管这本书很旧,我们还是决定买。
② There is air all around us, although we cannot see it.
虽然我们看见空气,空气却存在于我们的周围。
③ Although Princeton has a world-famous university, it is still a small quiet town.
普林斯顿虽然有一所世界闻名的大学,但仍然是个安静的小镇。
【易错提醒】 although和though 的区分
① although连接的让步状语从句,后面主句中不能再用连接词but。
② although和though同义,基本上可互换使用,但习惯上句首多用although。另外,在短语even though(即使)和as though(仿佛,似乎)中不能换用 although。
【链接中考】
( ) hamburgers are junk food , many children like them.(2011 山东)
A. If B. Although
C. Because D. Unless
【答案解析】 本题考查连词的意思。A.If 如果 C.Because因为?摇D.Unless 除非B. Although 虽然,结合句意“虽然汉堡是垃圾食物,但是很多孩子喜欢它们。”故答案选择B。
2. Unless you have a map,you will get lost easily in it.
除非你有地图,否则你会很容易迷路的。
unless conj. 连词 除非,如果不 相当于if...not
含有unless引导的条件状语从句的复合句,可以转换为“祈使句+or +句子”
You will fail unless you work hard.
=You will fail if you don’t work hard.
=Work hard, or you will fail.
如果你不努力工作,就会失败。
【链接中考】
( ) I don’t like western food , I won’t eat it am very hungry.
A. If ?摇 B. since?摇 ?摇 C. when ?摇 ?摇 D. unless
【答案解析】本题考查连词的意思。A.if?摇如果 ?摇B.since由于,既然?摇 C.when 当……时候 ?摇?摇D.unless 除非 ,结合句意“我不喜欢西餐,我不会吃它,除非我很饿。” 故答案选择C。
(责任编辑:王睿枫)