家族性乳癌是女性中的一种常见的常染色体显性遗传疾病。乳癌和卵巢癌(BRCA1)的易感性基因,已由连锁分析制图于17号染色体的长臂上。患乳癌和卵巢癌的几乎所有家族以及只患有乳癌的半数家族与该基因相连锁。据信,BRCA1基因也涉及散发性乳癌和卵巢癌,此基因将很快能识别。 Familial breast cancer is a common autosomal dominant genetic disorder in women. The susceptibility genes for breast and ovarian cancer (BRCA1) have been mapped on the long arm of chromosome 17 by linkage analysis. Almost all families with breast and ovarian cancer and only half of the family with breast cancer are linked to this gene. It is believed that the BRCA1 gene also involves sporadic breast and ovarian cancers, and this gene will soon be recognized.