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1972年,Kawaguchi等报道在卡那霉素的2-脱氧链霉胺的C_1氨基上用L(-)-4-氨基-2-羟基丁酸酰化后,形成一类半合成广谱卡那霉素衍生物,对许多卡那霉素耐药菌株均有活性。1976年命名为丁胺卡那霉素(Amikacin;下简称丁胺卡那),化学名:1-N-4氨基-2羟丁基卡那霉素A。本文简述其抗菌谱、药理、副作用及临床应用。 药理 抗菌谱 本品对下列革兰氏阴性菌有抗菌活性:大肠杆菌、肺炎杆菌属、枸缘酸杆菌属、肠杆菌属、蜂房赫夫尼菌(Halviaalvei)、灵杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、摩氏变形杆菌、普通变形杆菌、普多唯登斯菌属、绿脓杆菌、流感杆菌以及嗜肺军团病杆菌等。在体外,上述细菌对本药敏感性可达97％以
In 1972, Kawaguchi et al. Reported that after acylation with L (-) - 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyric acid on the C_1 amino group of kanamycin 2-deoxystreptamine, a class of semisynthetic broad-spectrum kana Mycin derivatives are active against many kanamycin-resistant strains. 1976 named amikacin (Amikacin; hereinafter referred to as amikacin), chemical name: 1-N-4 amino-2-hydroxy-kanamycin A. This article describes its antibacterial spectrum, pharmacology, side effects and clinical applications. Pharmacological antimicrobial spectrum This product has antibacterial activity against the following Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter spp, Enterobacter, Halvia alvei, Clostridium, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus vulgaris, Pardus only bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, influenza bacilli and Legionella pneumophila Bacillus and so on. In vitro, the above-mentioned bacteria sensitivity of the drug up to 97%