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就翻译的本质这个问题,不同的历史时期的众多中外学者都做出过自己的判断与总结。英国的道格拉斯认为翻译是一种交谈,是一种对话,是一种人际关系。奈达则认为翻译是交际,它取决于听/读者从译文中所取得的信息。由此我们可以看出,翻译是一个涉及原文作者、译者、和译文读者三方的复杂的沟通过程。文学翻译与非文学翻译的不同之处在于文学翻译是对原作的艺术加工与再创作,它不仅要传达原文的意境,更要再现原文的风味,这正如鲁迅所推崇的“保持原作的丰姿”、傅雷的“神似”以及钱钟书的“化境”。而关系到这意境与风味完美展现的一个不可忽视的因素正是原文作者和译者的审美心理特征。
As far as the essence of translation is concerned, many Chinese and foreign scholars in different historical periods have made their own judgments and conclusions. Douglas in the UK thinks translation is a kind of conversation, a dialogue and a kind of interpersonal relationship. Nida believes that translation is communication, which depends on the information the listener / reader obtains from the translation. From this we can see that translation is a complicated communication process involving the original author, translator, and the target audience. The difference between literary translation and non-literary translation lies in the fact that literary translation is the process of art processing and re-creation of the original. It not only conveys the artistic conception of the original, but also reproduces the flavor of the original. Just as Lu Xun adores, “, Fu Lei’s ” God-like “and Qian ’s ” Transmutation ". It is the aesthetic psychology characteristic of the original author and the translator, which can not be ignored due to the perfect display of the artistic conception and flavor.