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目的探讨2011—2015年重庆市孕产妇的死亡原因,为全面二胎政策下采取有效的降低孕产妇死亡干预措施提供理论依据。方法利用重庆市2011—2015年死亡孕产妇病历资料和市级孕产妇死亡评审结果,回顾性分析孕产妇死亡原因。结果 2011—2015年重庆市孕产妇死亡237例,死亡率从2011年21.61/105下降至2015年的15.30/105,孕产妇死亡原因前3位分别是产科出血、妊娠合并心脏病和妊娠期高血压疾病,影响可避免死亡的主要因素为医疗保健机构和个人家庭的知识技能不足。结论重庆市孕产妇死亡率已低于全国平均水平,但也面临着新的挑战,进一步控制和降低孕产妇死亡率需在加强高危预警和分级管理、提高基层人员技术水平、重视多学科合作和加大健康教育宣传力度等方面实施综合措施。
Objective To explore the causes of maternal death in Chongqing from 2011 to 2015 and provide a theoretical basis for effective interventions to reduce maternal mortality under the policy of comprehensive second child. Methods Based on the data of maternal deaths from maternal deaths in 2011-2015 in Chongqing and the results of maternal mortality assessment at city level, the causes of maternal death were retrospectively analyzed. Results The number of maternal deaths in Chongqing in 2011-2015 was 237, with the death rate dropping from 21.61 / 105 in 2011 to 15.30 / 105 in 2015. The top three causes of maternal death were obstetric bleeding, pregnancy complicated with heart disease and gestational hypertension Blood pressure disorders, the main factors that can prevent avoidable deaths, are inadequate knowledge and skills of healthcare institutions and individual families. Conclusion The maternal mortality rate in Chongqing is lower than the national average, but it also faces new challenges. To further control and reduce the maternal mortality rate, it is necessary to strengthen early warning and management at high risk level, improve the technical level of grassroots workers, and attach importance to multidisciplinary cooperation. Increase health education and promotion efforts to implement comprehensive measures.