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[目的]该研究旨在研究云南高原粳稻和韩国粳稻在云南不同环境条件下稻米品质的变化特点。[方法]以10个云南粳稻和6个韩国粳稻品种为材料,研究了不同生态条件对云南和韩国粳稻主要品质及RVA谱特性的影响。[结果]云南和韩国粳稻各指标的变异系数均以消减值最大。云南粳稻的粒长、垩白率、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、碱消值、最终黏度、消减值和峰值时间的变异系数明显大于韩国粳稻,而其他品质指标则相反。随海拔升高,云南粳稻的粒长、粒宽、长宽比、精白度、直链淀粉含量、碱消值、最终黏度和回复值及韩国粳稻的粒长、粒宽、精白度、蛋白质含量、最高黏度、热浆黏度和崩解值明显降低,而云南粳稻的垩白率、蛋白质含量、热浆黏度和峰值时间及韩国粳稻的长宽比、直链淀粉含量、碱消值、消减值和回复值明显升高,但韩国粳稻的垩白率无明显变化。云南粳稻的最高黏度、崩解值和糊化温度及韩国粳稻的糊化温度随海拔升高呈先降后升趋势,而云南粳稻的消减值及韩国粳稻的最终黏度和峰值时间则表现相反趋势。[结论]该研究为云南高原粳稻的品质育种提供理论依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the characteristics of rice quality under different environmental conditions in Yunnan Plateau Japonica and South Korea. [Method] The effects of different ecological conditions on the quality and RVA profile of japonica rice from Yunnan and South Korea were studied using 10 Yunnan japonica rice varieties and 6 Korean japonica rice varieties as materials. [Result] The coefficient of variation of each index of japonica rice in Yunnan and South Korea was the largest. The coefficient of variation of grain length, chalkiness rate, amylose content, protein content, alkali consumption value, final viscosity, subtractive value and peak time in Yunnan japonica rice were significantly greater than those in South Korea while the other quality indexes were opposite. The grain length, grain width, aspect ratio, whiteness, amylose content, base dissipation value, final viscosity and recovery value of japonica rice in japonica rice and grain length, grain width, whiteness, protein content , The highest viscosity, hot paste viscosity and disintegration value decreased significantly, while the chalkiness rate, protein content, viscosity and peak time of hot paste and the aspect ratio of Korean japonica rice, amylose content, alkali consumption, reduction of Yunnan japonica rice Value and response value increased significantly, but there was no significant change in the chalkiness rate of South Korea. The highest viscosity, disintegration value and gelatinization temperature of Yunnan japonica rice and the gelatinization temperature of South Korea showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with elevation, while the decreasing value of Yunnan japonica rice and the final viscosity and peak time of Korean japonica rice showed the opposite trend. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for quality breeding of japonica rice in Yunnan plateau.