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企业海外直接投资势必引发母国生产要素流动和要素价格变动,是“促进”还是“抑制”了母国劳动收入份额?针对该问题,文章首先从理论上分析异质性投资动机OFDI对母国劳动收入份额的影响机制,然后利用微观企业数据,采用马氏距离匹配和倍差法实证检验企业对外直接投资对母公司劳动收入份额的影响。结果表明:就总体而言,母国总公司劳动收入份额与企业对外直接投资负相关;就异质性投资动机看,商贸服务类OFDI显著降低了母公司劳动收入份额,资源寻求类OFDI和技术寻求类OFDI则显著提升了母公司劳动收入份额;就异质性东道国(地区)看,投资于发达国家的OFDI显著提升了母公司劳动收入份额,但投资于发展中国家的OFDI则对母公司劳动收入份额具有抑制作用。
In order to solve this problem, the article first analyzes the heterogeneity OFDI investment motivation in theory from the perspective of foreign direct investment (FDI) in home country and the factor price change. The influence mechanism of labor income share in the home country, and then use the micro-enterprise data, the Mahalanobis distance matching and the multiple-difference method to test the impact of FDI on labor’s share of the parent company. The results show that, on the whole, the share of labor income of home country head office is negatively correlated with the foreign direct investment of the enterprise; for heterogeneous investment motivation, the OFDI of business service class significantly reduces the share of labor income of the parent company, OFDI and technology seeking In the case of heterogeneous host countries (regions), OFDI, which invests in developed countries, significantly increases the share of labor income of the parent company, while OFDI, which invests in developing countries, labor for the parent company Income share has inhibitory effect.