抽油机是油田中的最常见、也是最重要的采油设备,其能否正常运转,直接关系到油田的原油生产。作为一名采油站技术人员,对抽油机井井下故障进行准确的判断,对维护及处理故障的具有重要的意义。本文通过结合油田生产实际,分析了目前抽油机井常见井下故障判别方法及处理方法,并提出了井下故障后作业现场跟踪鉴定方法. The pumping unit is the most common and the most important oil recovery equipment in the oil field. Whether it can operate normally or not is directly related to the crude oil production in the oil field. As a technician at a gas station, it is of great significance to accurately diagnose the downhole faults of a pumping unit well and to maintain and handle the faults. Based on the actual production of the oilfield, this paper analyzes the common downhole fault identification method and processing method of the current pumping well, and puts forward the tracking method of the working site after the downhole fault.