备好课是上好课的前提,备课时要在钻研教材的基础上,明确一堂课应该让学生掌握的基础知识和基本技能,并研究教法。例如,讲植物器官的种类和结构时,可采用“归纳法”,这样初一学生容易接受。教材的组织要因时因地制宜。例如,按现用教材的顺序讲到花的时候,已是百花凋残的冬天了,如果学校没有花的标本和模型,还是把花的内容移到种子前面教,效果比较好。教材是以菜豆为例说明双子叶植物种子构造的。南通市学生对菜豆种子的感性知识较少,我用蚕豆种子来代替。为了便于学生理解,教材可以重新组织。例如,导管的形成,教材中放在根毛区,我放在茎的木质部。又如木质茎和草质茎,不放在茎的木质部,而是放到茎的种类中,把茎按质地分为草质茎和木质茎,按生长 Preparing a lesson is a prerequisite for a good lesson. When preparing a lesson, based on the teaching materials, you should clarify the basic knowledge and basic skills that a lesson should allow students to master and study the teaching of the law. For example, when it comes to the types and structures of plant organs, “induction” can be used so that first-year students can easily accept it. Organization of teaching materials should be based on local conditions. For example, when we talk about flowers in the order of current teaching materials, they are winter withered flowers. If the school did not have flowers and models, or moved the contents of the flowers to the front of the seeds, the effect would be better. Textbook is a case of beans as an example of dicotyledon seed structure. Nantong students less knowledge of the pericarp seeds, I use seeds instead of broad beans. In order to facilitate students' understanding, textbooks can be reorganized. For example, the formation of catheters, textbooks placed in the root hair area, I put the xylem in the stem. Another example is the woody stems and grass stems, not on the xylem stems, but into the stems of the species, the stems are divided into quality grass stems and woody stems, according to growth