1993年是深圳市经济体制改革迈出较大步伐的一年.在加大改革开放力度,推进宏观调控体制转型,改善投资环境,理顺产权关系,建立现代企业制度等方面都取得了突破性进展,从而总体上深圳市宏观经济运行良好,企业的经营管理水平上了一个新的台阶.截止1993年11月底,按不变价计算 （1990年）,累计工业总产值416.47亿元,比上年同期增长31.8％;市属企业国有资产总额640亿元,净资产148亿元,实现利润23.9亿元,分别比上年同期增长60.5％、74.1％和86％.反映企业经济效益的指标也普遍有一定幅度的上升.但受通货膨胀、宏观经济调整等因素的影响,深圳市企业在发展过程中也暴露出一些不容忽视的问题,严重地制约了企业经济效益的提高.为此,我们采用问卷调查和重点采访的方法,对困扰深圳市经济发展、影响企业经济效益提高的主要因素进行了调查,并作出如下分析: 一、企业整体上运行较正常,主要经济指标都有一定的增长,但效益提高不很明显,有的出现较大幅度的下落 在我们调查的20个工业企业中,30％的企业经济效益有所提高.其中20％的企业利润和销售收入与上年同期相比有 The year 1993 was a year in which Shenzhen’s economic system reforms took a big step. Breakthroughs were made in the areas of increasing reform and opening up, advancing the macroeconomic control system transformation, improving the investment environment, rationalizing property rights relations, and establishing a modern enterprise system. As a result, overall, Shenzhen’s macro economy has been operating well and the company’s business management level has reached a new level. By the end of November 1993, according to the constant price calculation (1990), the accumulated industrial output value was 41.647 billion yuan, compared with the previous year. In the same period, the growth rate was 31.8%; the municipal state-owned enterprises had total state-owned assets of 64 billion yuan, net assets of 14.8 billion yuan, and profits of 2.39 billion yuan, an increase of 60.5%, 74.1%, and 86% respectively over the same period of the previous year. Indicators reflecting the economic efficiency of enterprises were also widespread. There is a certain degree of increase. However, due to inflation, macroeconomic adjustments, and other factors, Shenzhen companies have also exposed some problems that cannot be ignored in the process of development. This has seriously hampered the improvement of corporate economic efficiency. Therefore, we have adopted Questionnaire surveys and key interviews conducted surveys on the main factors that plagued Shenzhen’s economic development and affected the economic efficiency of enterprises, and made the following analysis: The overall operation of the enterprise is relatively normal, and the major economic indicators have increased by a certain amount, but the improvement of benefits is not very obvious. Some of them appear to have fallen by a large margin in the 20 industrial enterprises that we surveyed, and 30% have improved economic efficiency. Of which 20% of corporate profits and sales revenue are compared with the same period of last year