我国水资源的潜在危机我国主要受季风气候的影响,全年降水的季节分配存在较大差异,降水相对集中,干湿季节明显,造成河川径流相对集中,虽然对潜在的水资源量影响不大,但使得现实的水资源量相对减少。以全国作为空间尺度和一年作为时间尺度来考虑,降水量距平超过±20%的情况虽不多,但在较小的空间尺度(如某一个流域)和较小的时间尺度(如某一月)内,降水量距平超过±20%的情况是屡见不鲜的。我国的河流大多发源于境内,客水很少,1999年度从国外流入国内的水量仅为289亿m~3。几条主要的河流大多发源于世界屋脊的青藏高原,海拔一般 The potential crisis of water resources in our country is mainly affected by the monsoon climate. The seasonal distribution of precipitation in the whole year is quite different. The precipitation is relatively concentrated and the wet and dry seasons are obvious. As a result, the runoff is relatively concentrated. Although it has little effect on the potential water resources, However, the actual amount of water resources is relatively reduced. Taking the whole country as the spatial scale and one year as the time scale, there are not many precipitation anomalies over ± 20%. However, in small spatial scales (such as a watershed) and small time scales January), it is not unusual for precipitation levels to exceed ± 20%. Most of the rivers in our country originate in the territory, with very few passenger water. In 1999, the amount of water inflow into the country from abroad was only 28.9 billion m 3. Most of the major rivers originate from the roof of the world’s Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an elevation above sea level