采矿工业的一条通用规则是:只有单位平均生产成本低于预计的矿物长期价格的一定比例时,这一矿区才应加以开发。本文对使用平均成本法(ACA)和净现值法(NPV)作为投资决策方法,进行了比较分析。可以断言:平均成本法是一种易懂易用的粗略估算方法,它可用来作为初步的粗略计算工具,例如在矿床勘探的早期。此法运算简便,但准确性和真实性较差。净现值法是做出投资决策的较合理的方法,它尤其适用于用来评价具有边际经济价值的矿床。 A general rule in the mining industry is that the mining area should be developed only if the average unit cost of production is below a certain percentage of the projected long-term price of the mineral. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the use of the average cost method (ACA) and net present value method (NPV) as the investment decision method. It can be asserted that the average cost method is a straightforward, easy-to-use, rough estimation method that can be used as a preliminary rough calculation tool, for example early in prospecting. This method is simple, but less accurate and authentic. The net present value method is a more reasonable method of making investment decisions. It is especially suitable for evaluating deposits with marginal economic value.