论文部分内容阅读
守约方有防止损失扩大的义务,法律上的减损规则能有效地减少当事人双方在减损能力的交易中发生的成本。在预期违约情形下,效率要求减损义务产生的时间始于对方的履行拒绝。可以借助于“要不是”法则来判断违约后的行为是否是减损行为,并采用事前的主观标准来判定减损行为是否合理。通常,减损行为和原合同具有相同性质,尤其是进行了大量信赖投资的情形。减损行为的投资规模应该受制于原合同的投资规模,而且最好采用事前规则衡量减损的成果。最后,在实际履行和减损义务相冲突时,建议当事人及时通过安排替代履行以减轻损失。
The observant party has the obligation to prevent the loss from expanding. The law of derogation can effectively reduce the costs incurred by both parties in derecognition transactions. In the event of a default, the time required for efficiency to derogate from obligations begins with the other party’s refusal. It is possible to determine whether a post-default behavior is a derogatory behavior by using the “or not” rule and using ex ante subjective criteria to determine whether derogation behavior is justified. Often, derogatory practices are of the same nature as the original contract, especially when there is a substantial amount of reliance on investment. The scale of investment in derogatory behavior should be subject to the size of the original contract investment, and the best rule of thumb is to use the ex ante rule to measure the devaluation outcome. Finally, when there is a conflict between the actual performance and the derogation obligations, it is suggested that the parties promptly reduce losses by arranging alternative performance.