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目的分析赴青藏高原执行卫勤保障任务的医务人员生理变化特点及发病情况。方法对不同海拔、进驻方式及习服阶段医务人员的血压、心率、血氧饱和度及发病情况进行统计分析。结果 (1)医务人员的血压随海拔的升高呈逐渐上升趋势,在海拔2000 m以内人员舒张压无显著变化,海拔3000 m以上舒张压显著升高;平原及海拔1000~2000 m、3000~3670m、4400 m人员的收缩压比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);医务人员心率随海拔升高而逐渐加快,2000 m以下、3000 m、3670m、4400 m之间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);医务人员血氧饱和度随海拔升高而逐渐降低,1000 m以下、2000 m、3000 m、3670m、4400 m之间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。(2)铁路输送和摩托化机动两种进驻方式间医务人员血压、心率变化差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05),血氧饱和度变化差异无统计学意义;两种进驻方式的急性高原反应发病率差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。(3)赴藏医务人员入驻2周内以急性高原反应(71.97%)和上呼吸道感染(28.79%)发病为主,入驻2周后急性高原反应发生率明显降低(1.51%),上呼吸道感染发生率降低(6.28%)。结论医务人员在高原执行卫勤保障任务时,其生理变化特点和发病情况与进驻高原的海拔、进驻方式和驻训时间有密切关系。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of physical changes and the incidence of medical staff who perform medical service support task in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Methods The blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and incidence of medical staff at different altitudes, stationing modes and attending stage were analyzed statistically. Results (1) The blood pressure of medical staff increased gradually with the altitude increasing. There was no significant change of diastolic blood pressure within 2000 m above sea level, while the diastolic blood pressure above 3000 m increased significantly. The altitude and elevation of 1000 ~ 2000 m and 3000 ~ 3670m, 4400m systolic blood pressure, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); medical staff heart rate gradually increased with the elevation, the following 2000 m, 3000 m, 3670m, 4400 m, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The oxygen saturation of medical staff decreased gradually with the altitude increasing. There was a significant difference between 1000 m and 2000 m, 3000 m, 3670 m and 4400 m (P <0.05). (2) There was significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate among medical staffs between rail transit and motorized maneuver (P <0.05) and no significant difference in blood oxygen saturation between the two modes; The incidence of response was statistically significant (P <0.05). (3) The incidence of acute altitude sickness (71.97%) and upper respiratory tract infection (28.79%) was mainly within 2 weeks of arrival of medical personnel in Tibet, and the incidence of acute altitude sickness was significantly decreased (1.51%) after 2 weeks of residence. Upper respiratory tract infection The incidence decreased (6.28%). Conclusions When the medical staff perform the task of medical service on the plateau, the physiological characteristics and incidence of medical staff are closely related to the altitude, stationing method and time of stationing in the plateau.