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作为政府的台湾问题智囊,年仅44岁的辛旗,是最早进入中央对台问题决策咨询机构的学者。这位集哲学、历史、中国传统文化、国际战略众家所长的学者,最大的愿望是在宏阔的历史天空下,推动同根同种的两岸人民在中华文化之源交汇融合。
锋出砥砺弄潮时代
1961年,辛旗出生于北京的一户书香门第,父亲是政府官员,母亲是位工程师。从小受到家庭影响,聪颖过人,辛旗六七岁时就诵读唐诗宋词。他非常庆幸能够在“文革”前就完成传统文化的学习,这对他后来的思想形成和学术道路影响至深。
60年代出生的人最珍贵的学习时代恰逢“文革”,有人形容这代人是“一出生就挨饿,一上学就‘文革’,孩子只能生一个”的背运一代。小学时辛旗就到农村生产队像大人一样下田劳动挣工分,15岁步入社会,他当过机械修理工、电焊工、医院手术室器械护士,饱经沧桑。然而他却对自己这段经历非常珍视,辛旗常说,自己很幸运赶上了那么多个大时代,上承理想沸腾的“文革”时代、中经改革开放初期的新启蒙时代、下启中国现代化建设时代。1979年,深刻体验了中国社会的辛旗考入了河北大学,选择了时髦的哲学专业。这一时期的辛旗就像个“饿坏的孩子”,他广泛大量地阅读和汲取各种知识,文史哲、政经、军事、天文、地理、生物、艺术等各个领域无不涉足。毕业后他进入和平与发展研究中心,并在职攻读哲学、历史学的硕士研究生,在厦门大学、中国社会科学院名师指导下,开始从事中西文化比较和中国古代哲学史的研究。
80年代中,在与台湾著名学者陈鼓应、韦政通的学术交往中,辛旗备受启发,他开始将台湾文化史作为研究中国现代化进程的参照系。1990年他的第一篇学术论文《台湾社会的三阶段变迁论》在台湾引起轰动,此后他又撰写出一系列关于台湾文化方面的学术论文,如《论四十年来台湾知识分子的精神历程》《台湾地方自治法制化面临的主要问题》等等。辛旗在研究过程中,逐渐由文化角度进而扩展到台湾问题各个领域、不同层面的研究中,由此,他于1985年进入中央对台决策咨询名单。
人文关照和平统一
在良好学养和高起点的基础上,辛旗不断地在对台问题上提出新思路。他最早提出“过渡阶段”的概念,提出未来两岸的谈判应首先从结束敌对状态开始,互相做出有利于中国和平统一的承诺;提出“三通”之前建立两岸经济仲裁机构以及两岸间接直航等等。在辛旗的思想中,“中国观念”是两岸无法断开的脐带,而中国的统一应是中华民族完成伟大复兴的重要部分,是两岸人民的共同事业。
辛旗多次赴台,对当地的社会状况非常了解。特别是1994年他应台湾政治大学邀请担任客座教授的三个月,几乎跑遍台湾20多个县市,接触了上至政要、巨富,下到农民、小贩的大量人员,深感两岸需要更多的了解。同时,也留下一个最深刻的印象,那就是“去中国化”如同蚍蜉撼泰山那样根本不可能。深谙历史大势的辛旗坚决反对“台独”,因此有人说他是“大陆头号主战派”。事实上辛旗是学界最早提出“要理解台湾悲情”的学者之一,他认为台湾问题是历史遗留问题,特别是50年日据时代受欺侮和东西冷战历史的遗留和甲午战争后清政府对台湾民众的伤害,这些历史都不能回避,后来者应以包容开宏的眼光看待岛内民众的“悲情意识”。
辛旗将自己的思路概括为“一个中国、两岸统一、渐进过渡、社会融合、民族振兴”。他不仅从学术角度为政府制定台湾政策提供智力支持,还经常亲身以赴增进两岸交流,致力于两岸社会融合。2004年台湾“大选”,陈水扁凭“两颗子弹”第二次当选“总统”,国民党试图通过司法程序赢取选战,辛旗预测“此路不通”,但这也同时成为促成国民党与中共正面沟通的良机。2005年,国民党主席连战、亲民党主席宋楚瑜和新党主席郁慕明相继来大陆访问,两岸关系终获重大突破,其间辛旗做了大量沟通斡旋工作。
为了更好地研究台湾问题,辛旗90年代就开始将中美关系纳入视野,这个年轻的新锐学者因而也引起了美国政府的关注。1996年,美国总统克林顿亲自为辛旗签发了访美邀请函。在美国的一个月里,辛旗放弃了各种旅游的安排,密集地与美国政界、学界、研究机构进行接触,甚至安排了与美国的超级市场管理员、农场主、高级军官、百老汇经纪人等各色人员广泛对话。
1997年辛旗参加了上海举行的中美两国高层战略研究人员对话,1998年1月他陪同汪道涵访问日本,参加中美日三国高层战略对话,为克林顿总统访华做前期准备。辛旗将中国人民坚决反对台独的精神尽熔笔下,对台湾也对世界宣示中国统一的决心。
文武张弛书生有道
尽管事务性工作日益增多,但勤奋多思的辛旗从未停止过文化领域的学术研究。这种难能可贵的研究习惯是他1992年在应台湾学界之邀撰写《中国历代思想史(魏晋南北朝隋唐分卷)》时磨练出来的。当时他白天研究台湾问题,工余在书房“自造山林”对谈古人,耐住古卷青灯的寂寞,游刃于学问与现实间,享受思想融会贯通的乐趣。辛旗在对台问题研究上独树一帜,最大的特点就是思路开阔,文武相济。1990年,苏联解体、东欧剧变引发了辛旗的深深思考。他试图从宗教的角度思考世纪末人类发展的趋向和人类
文化、文明的关系,从而写出《诸神的争吵》一书,阐述了“文明冲突”的思想脉络。该书的出版比美国学者亨廷顿的《文明的冲突》一文早三个月问世。在书中,他预言了科索沃战争,还预言类似“9·11”事件会在美国发生。这些研究判断无疑使他研究台湾问题独具眼光。
在世纪之交,辛旗开始反思20世纪人类文化发展中主导人类发展的文化观念,在寂寞中完成了又一力作《百年的沉思》,其中提出了很多前瞻性的观念,如生态文明系统的建立等等。此书在出版后的几年里,得不到学术界的半点回应,他颇有曲高和寡的孤独。而今,科学发展观、保护生态等概念受到政府推重,辛旗提出的这些问题也成为学界热点。
文人风骨博采万家
辛旗是典型的温文书生,谈吐幽默,逻辑缜密,口才犀利。他博学而谦逊、亲和而雄辩的个人风格,颇受海外人士的赞赏。
一次他在美国传统基金会演讲,组织方请来很多媒体、学界和保守势力的人来向他提问,甚至当场争论,辛旗舌战四座,态度从容有礼,表述非常得体,最后主持人在总结发言时对他的表现大加赞赏,并问他是否在美国受过教育。辛旗说:“对不起,我从没在美国受过教育,我是完完全全在中国受的教育。”对方又接着问:“那像你这样的人在中国肯定是非常非常少的。”辛旗立刻回答:“不对!在中国像我这样的人何止百万千万!”辛旗将自己的个人风格归于中国文化的熏陶,他知道,只有坚持本民族的文化,才会更受到尊重。而中国的知识分子应当在任何情况下表现出中国文化所给予的内涵和风骨。在深受儒家“恕”道影响的同时,辛旗保留着满族人血液里流淌的极强韧性和不服输的硬朗个性。在美国,辛旗与“台独”分子当场对抗,态度坚决而强硬;在电视台与林浊水连线辩论时,他以充分的论据而令人折服。他还是个感情丰富的人,看到不平、贫困的情景就会激起他强烈的同情,他在看刚刚上映的《千里走单骑》时,忍不住泪如雨下。
学识博杂的辛旗在中国古代器物文明方面造诣甚深。他很推崇仰韶文化里特有的尖底汲水器皿。他说,这种汲水瓶放入水中,能够自动汲水,待至一半可直立于水中,若多加一点水便会沉入水下,这带给人“满招损,谦受益”的启示,这也是中国文化最独特的一种精神:那便是中庸、和合,他本人正以此为修身之道。恰如汪道涵为他的《百年的沉思》所作序文中评价的那样:“他既秉承传统儒家‘民胞物与’、‘天人合一’的情怀,又具有现代知识分子的理性”。
辛旗还将中国文化视作对台交往中不可缺少的沟通要素。他说,人之所以争论,是因欠缺文化做中介,共同的文化使两岸有了很多折冲地带,汪辜二老之间谈得最投契的也是中国文化,文化就是两岸交往的一把钥匙。1999年,辛旗开始担任中华文化发展促进会常务副秘书长,致力于国际文化交流。曾经写过电视片《黑白魂》《自强之路》等解说词,主持过央视海峡两岸论坛节目的辛旗,凭着兴趣时常策划一些节目。去年央视播出了由辛旗策划的郑和下西洋600周年系列专题片好评如潮,为此片他酝酿了整整十年。
在医院工作过的素养让辛旗在工作时一丝不苟,非常刻苦。他的妻子在电台担任主持人,尽管自己工作也很忙,但非常支持丈夫的研究工作,她不仅打理好家里的一切事情,还是辛旗的第一读者,经常帮忙做些词句修改。在余暇,辛旗很享受温馨而快乐的家庭生活。他非常喜欢西方古典音乐,对西方绘画更是有着一流的鉴赏力,女儿在他的影响下也十分喜欢古典音乐。爱好艺术的一家人最喜欢一起去看戏剧,北京上演的话剧他们几乎一场不落。
Culture,Key to Cross-Straits Relations
By Zhang Liang
Xin Qi is the first scholar in the Chinese mainland who joined a think tank which advises the Chinese government to make policy decisions on the relations between the mainland and Taiwan province. A man extremely learned in philosophy, history, traditional culture and international strategy, Xin dreams of helping the people on the mainland and Taiwan come together through Chinese cultural exchanges.
Xin was born in Beijing in 1961 into a family of learning. His father was a government official and mother an engineer. He was able to become highly familiar with the ancient Chinese poetry before the Cultural Revolution broke out in 1966. The constant exposure to the Chinese culture in his early childhood, he believes, played a formative role in shaping his thought and academic career.
Like his contemporaries born in the 1960s, Xin grew up in the years when China underwent chaotic social changes. Many people still view those years as a misfortune, but Xin treasures what he's learned during these years. In 1979, Xin Qi, with a profound knowledge of what a modern grassroots Chinese life was, entered Hebei University and majored in philosophy. Extensive reading of books of a great diversity opened his eyes. After graduation, he worked for the Research Center for Peace and Development while continuing his postgraduate studies in philosophy and history. It was in the mid 1980s that Xin started to study the history of Taiwan culture against the broader backdrop of the Chinese culture as the result of academic exchanges with a few Taiwan-based scholars. A series of heavy-weight papers Xin wrote on the historical and cultural issues of Taiwan caught the eyes of the decision makers at the top level.
Xin has contributed greatly to new thoughts on Taiwan issues. He was the first who proposed there should be a transition period for the national reunification. He suggests that an economic arbitration system should be established for cross-strait economic activities before the two sides resume direct links for postal, air and shipping services. According to Xin, the China concept connects the two sides so closely that the two sides can never be severed.
Xin has visited Taiwan many times and has acquired a profound knowledge of the island. During the three months in 1994 when he was a guest professor at Taiwan University of Politics, he visited almost all counties and municipalities in the province and talked with people from all walks of life there. The experience enabled him to see that the two sides need mutual understanding. One of the conclusions he reached during his stay in Taiwan is that it is absolutely impossible to remove Chinese influences from the island. It is due to his profound knowledge and understanding of historical trends that Xin resolutely opposes's aiwan independence? Some dub him as 's he number one mainland hawk?against Taiwan. Yet in fact, it is Xin Qi that first proposed that people on the mainland should get to understand the pathos of the Taiwan situation.
Xin Qi summarizes his thoughts on Taiwan issue into a simple formula: the two sides accomplish reunification and join hands to achieve the national revitalization through gradual transition and merge of the two societies. He helps the government with making decisions on Taiwan issues and often visits the island to promote the bonding of the two sides. Xin Qi worked hard to help set up communications between the two sides across the strait and made it possible for the key political leaders in Taiwan to visit the mainland, bringing about major breakthroughs in cross-strait relations.
In order to better understand the Taiwan issue, Xin Qi began to look closely at the Sino-American relations in the 1990s. The young scholar's active role in shaping thoughts and decisions on the issue attracted the attention of the American government. In 1996, Xin Qi was invited to pay a visit to USA. During his one-month stay there, he met not only politicians, scholars, researchers but also shopping mall managers, ranch owners, military officers and Broadway managers, etc. He has so far played an important role in Sino-American relations. Xin believes that the American factor is prominent in the Mainland-Taiwan relations and that 's aiwan independence?is the common enemy of both China and America: USA wants peace and China does not want'seaceful split? Xin was the mastermind behind the Chinese government statement issued on May 17th, 2005.
Xin views the Chinese culture as the indispensable element in cross-strait relations. According to Xin, the common culture the two sides share can produce a large buffer zone and avoid confrontation that may arise if culture is not present as a medium.
(Translated by Tian Jinjiang)