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借助有限元软件ABAQUS,从数值模拟角度分析了单层不锈钢板、管状交叉三明治结构、方孔蜂窝三明治结构、波纹三明治结构作为油罐车封头在冲击载荷作用下的动态性能。在保证各结构面密度相同的情况下,考察了冲击载荷作用下四种结构的变形机理及能量吸收性能,其中各结构中心点最大位移量为重要参数。经过分析后发现,方孔蜂窝三明治结构具有最好的抗冲击性能,管状交叉三明治结构略差,但好于其他两种结构。此外,本文结合实际工程应用背景,进一步考察了结构制备缺陷对结构抗冲击性能影响。引入缺陷后,方孔蜂窝三明治结构的抗冲击性能下降,弱于管状交叉三明治结构,可见方孔蜂窝三明治结构对制备缺陷更为敏感。由此得出,在理想模型前提下,方孔蜂窝三明治结构在四种结构中具有最好的抗冲击性能;而在实际的工程应用中,管状交叉三明治结构因其对缺陷的不敏感性及优良的抗冲击性能成为最优的三明治结构构型选择。
With the aid of finite element software ABAQUS, the dynamic performance of single-layer stainless steel plate, tubular sandwich structure, square honeycomb sandwich structure and corrugated sandwich structure as the head of tanker truck under impact load are analyzed from the numerical simulation point of view. Under the condition of the same surface density, the deformation mechanism and energy absorption performance of the four structures under impact load are investigated. The maximum displacement of each structure center is an important parameter. After analysis, it was found that the square hole honeycomb sandwich structure has the best impact resistance, the tubular sandwich structure is slightly worse, but better than the other two structures. In addition, combined with the actual engineering application background, this paper further investigated the impact of structural defects on the structural impact resistance. After the introduction of defects, the impact resistance of square honeycomb sandwich structure decreases, which is weaker than that of tubular sandwich structure. It can be seen that honeycomb sandwich structure of square hole is more sensitive to preparation defects. It is concluded that, under the ideal model, the square honeycomb sandwich structure has the best impact resistance among the four structures. However, in actual engineering applications, the tubular sandwich structure is not sensitive to the defects and Excellent impact resistance becomes the optimal sandwich configuration choice.