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采用田间试验,比较了不同氮肥水平下两个粳稻品种“中稻1号”和“淮稻5号”在鄂中丘陵岗地单季籼稻区的产量和氮肥利用率。结果表明,施用氮肥可显著增加粳稻的产量,与不施氮处理(N0)相比,两个粳稻品种的施氮处理分别平均增产2 179 kg/hm2和3 209 kg/hm2,增产率为45.7%和53.5%。稻谷产量与氮肥施用量呈线性加平台关系,两个粳稻品种的平台产量分别为7 517 kg/hm2和10 234 kg/hm2,最适氮肥用量分别为221.0 kg/hm2和235.5 kg/hm2。与N0相比,两个粳稻品种施氮处理吸氮量平均增加58.7 kg/hm2和71.8 kg/hm2,增幅为80.9%和85.2%。当施氮量为248 kg/hm2时,“中稻1号”和“淮稻5号”的氮肥吸收利用率(NRE)、氮肥农学利用率(NAE)、氮肥贡献率(NCR)及氮肥偏生产力(PFPN)分别为29.4%和37.6%、10.6 kg/kg和18.0 kg/kg、35.4%和42.6%及29.8 kg/kg和42.3 kg/kg。综合分析认为“淮稻5号”在鄂中丘陵籼稻区种植,可以获得更高的产量及氮肥利用率。
Field experiments were conducted to compare the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of two japonica rice varieties, “Zhongdao 1” and “Huai 5”, in a single season indica rice region in hilly land of Hubei Province. The results showed that nitrogen application could significantly increase the yield of japonica rice. Compared with no nitrogen fertilizer (N0), nitrogen application rate of two japonica rice varieties increased by 2 179 kg / hm2 and 3 209 kg / hm2, respectively, and the yield was 45.7 % And 53.5%. The relationship between paddy yield and nitrogen application rate was linear and platform relationship. The platform yields of two japonica cultivars were 7 517 kg / hm2 and 10 234 kg / hm2, respectively. The optimum nitrogen application rates were 221.0 kg / hm2 and 235.5 kg / hm2, respectively. Compared with N0, nitrogen uptake by two japonica cultivars increased by 58.7% and 85.2% on average by 58.7 kg / hm2 and 71.8 kg / hm2, respectively. The NRE, NAE and NCR of “Zhongdao 1 ” and “Huai 5 ” were the highest when the amount of nitrogen application was 248 kg / hm2. And PFPN were 29.4% and 37.6%, 10.6 kg / kg and 18.0 kg / kg, 35.4% and 42.6% and 29.8 kg / kg and 42.3 kg / kg, respectively. The comprehensive analysis shows that “Huai 5” can be planted in the hilly and hilly region of Indochina, yielding higher yield and nitrogen use efficiency.