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沙尘气溶胶作为气溶胶的重要类型之一,对全球和区域水分循环以及亚洲季风系统有着重要影响.利用气溶胶自动观测网(AERONET)印度Kanpur和蒙古国Dalanzadgad两个站点数据,采用阈值法提取了沙尘和人为气溶胶信息并进行了对比分析.结果表明,Kanpur站受印度夏季风影响较大,沙尘气溶胶和人为源气溶胶的排放具有叠加效应,远源输送可能是Kanpur站沙尘气溶胶的主要来源.Dalanzadgad站受东亚夏季风影响较小,春季大风带来了大量的沙尘,这可能与大风天气和植被覆盖度低等因素有关,是春季气溶胶光学厚度显著升高的主要影响因素之一,沙尘具有局地起源特征；在其他时段,人为源气溶胶是当地大气气溶胶的主要来源,但总排放量相对较低.此外,Kanpur站所在的恒河流域大气颗粒物绝对含量远远高于Dalanzadgad所在的蒙古国南部地区.在沙尘天气中,两站颗粒物的光学物理特性相似.“,”Dust is one of the most important aerosols,which has an important effect on the global and regional hydrologic cycle and Asian monsoon system.Using the observation data at Kanpur station in India and Dalanzadgad station in Mongolia derived from the AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network) dataset,the information of dust and anthropogenic aerosols extracted through the threshold value method is comparatively analyzed.The results show that Kanpur is more affected by the India summer monsoon.The emissions of dust and anthropogenic aerosol superpose together.The major source of dust may be from remote supply.Dalanzadgad is less affected by the East Asian summer monsoon.Strong wind speed blows lots of dust in spring,which is related with strong wind speed and less vegetation.It is one of the main causes to make aerosol optical depth rise dramatically.Dust comes from the regional area.Anthropogenic aerosol is the main source of the local aerosol in other periods,but the total emission is low.Furthermore,Kanpur in the Ganges River has more atmospheric particulate matter than that of Dalanzadgad in the south of Mongolia.During the dust period,the particulate matter has similar optical physical properties in the two regions.