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目的了解我国农村地区HIV检测结果阳性者告知现状及影响因素。方法采取方便抽样,以云南省德宏州两县(市)于2006年1月至2008年6月期间检测并确认HIV血清抗体阳性的497名来自农村地区的HIV感染者为调查对象,利用自行编制的匿名问卷调查一般社会人口学特征,HIV检测咨询和HIV检测阳性结果告知他人情况等。结果农村地区HIV感染者的阳性结果固定性伴告知率为78.9%,非固定性伴、家人和朋友的告知率分别为6.3%,78.9%和21.1%。影响HIV检测阳性结果告知固定性伴的主要因素有性伴类型为配偶(OR=16.97,95%CI:1.57～183.65),检测前获得咨询服务(OR=5.18,95%CI:1.69～15.82)和告知后获得心理支持(OR=8.64,95%CI:1.13～66.32)等。结论固定性伴和家人是农村地区HIV感染者阳性结果告知的主要对象,在提供HIV检测咨询服务时应加强性伴告知方面的探讨并给予告知后心理支持和安抚,提高性伴就诊率,减少感染者的危险性行为。
Objective To understand the status quo and influencing factors of HIV test results in rural areas of China. Methods A total of 497 HIV-infected persons from rural areas who tested and confirmed HIV-seropositivity during the period from January 2006 to June 2008 in two counties and cities of Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, were selected as samples for convenience. Anonymous questionnaires were prepared for general socio-demographic characteristics, HIV testing counseling and HIV testing to inform others of positive results. Results The positive rate of regular sexual partners was 78.9% for HIV-infected persons in rural areas and 6.3%, 78.9% and 21.1% for non-regular sexual partners, family members and friends. The main factors influencing the positive results of HIV testing in fixed admissions were sexual partner type (OR = 16.97, 95% CI: 1.57-183.65), counseling before testing (OR = 5.18, 95% CI: 1.69-15.82) And after receiving psychological support (OR = 8.64, 95% CI: 1.13 ~ 66.32) and so on. Conclusion Fixed partners and their families are the main targets of positive results of HIV infection in rural areas. In the provision of HIV testing counseling services, counseling on sexual partners should be strengthened and psychological support and reassurance should be given after counseling to improve sexual contact rate and decrease Infectious person’s dangerous behavior.