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研究了硫氰化铵-溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)体系浮选分离锗的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,在水溶液中,Ge(Ⅳ)与硫氰化铵和溴化十六烷基吡啶形成不溶于水的三元缔合物[Ge(SCN)62-][CPB+]2,此三元缔合物沉淀浮于水相上层形成界面清晰的液-固两相。当溶液中溴化十六烷基吡啶和硫氰化铵的浓度分别为3.0×10-3mol/L和1.5×10-2mol/L时,Ge(Ⅳ)可与Ga(Ⅲ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Mg(Ⅱ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ)、Al(Ⅲ)、Cr(Ⅲ)和V(Ⅴ)离子定量分离,Ge(Ⅳ)的浮选率达到98.3%以上。对合成水样中Ge(Ⅳ)的分离和测定,结果满意。该方法在微量锗的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。
The flotation separation of germanium with ammonium thiocyanate-bromide cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) system and the separation conditions with some metal ions were studied. The results show that Ge (Ⅳ) forms a water-insoluble ternary complex [Ge (SCN) 62 -] [CPB +] 2 with ammonium thiocyanate and cetylpyridinium bromide in aqueous solution. Associative precipitate floating in the upper water phase to form a clear interface liquid - solid two-phase. When the concentration of cetyl pyridinium bromide and ammonium thiocyanate in the solution is 3.0 × 10-3mol / L and 1.5 × 10-2mol / L, respectively, Ge (Ⅳ) can react with Ga (Ⅲ), Ni (Ⅲ), Cr (Ⅲ) and V (Ⅴ) ions were determined by the quantitative analysis of Cd (Ⅱ), Mg (Ⅱ), Mn (Ⅱ), Fe (Ⅱ) %the above. The separation and determination of Ge (Ⅳ) in synthetic water samples were satisfactory. The method has certain practical value in the separation and enrichment analysis of trace germanium.