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小说《儒林外史》无疑是以当时的知识分子为主要反映对象,“机锋所向,尤在士林”。但又不止于此,即如鲁迅先生所说的,“凡官师,儒者,名士,山人,间亦有市井细民,皆现身纸上,声态并作,使彼世相,如在目前”[1]。作者写这些儒林而外者,同样要让他们中的势欲熏心者在功名富贵这面“风月宝鉴”面前执镜自照,出乖露丑。于是,我们从中看到的是,整个社会风气在日趋堕落,颓风蔓延,功名富贵面前,人变得寡廉鲜耻,亲情伦理几于泯灭。
The novel “The Scholars” is undoubtedly based on the intellectuals of the time as the main object of the reaction, “The front of the machine, especially Shihlin ”. But more than that, as Mr. Lu Xun said, “Every official, Confucian, celebrities, and mountain people also have their own ways of life. At the moment ”[1]. The author of these writers and writers, the same should make them the potential smide in the name of wealth on this side “Feng Yue Baojian ” in front of the mirror self-proclaimed, good dew ugly. What we can see from this is that people in the entire community have become less and less shameful in the face of decadent decadent windfalls and fame and wealth.