Hydrogen Peroxide-Mediated Growth of the Root System Occurs via Auxin Signaling Modification and Var

来源 :Journal of Integrative Plant Biology | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:winter2009
下载到本地 , 更方便阅读
声明 : 本文档内容版权归属内容提供方 , 如果您对本文有版权争议 , 可与客服联系进行内容授权或下架
论文部分内容阅读
The link between root growth,H2O2,auxin signaling,and the cell cycle in cadmium (Cd)-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.cv.Zhonghua No.11) was analyzed in this study.Exposure to Cd induced a significant accumulation of Cd,but caused a decrease in zinc (Zn) content which resulted from the decreased expression of OsHMA9 and OsZIP.Analysis using a Cd-specific probe showed that Cd was mainly localized in the meristematic zone and vascular tissues.Formation and elongation of the root system were significantly promoted by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT),but were markedly inhibited by N,N’dimethylthiourea (DMTU) under Cd stress.The effect of H2O2 on Cd-stressed root growth was further confirmed by examining a gain-of-function rice mutant (carrying catalase1 and glutathione-S-transferase) in the presence or absence of diphenylene iodonium.DR5-GUS staining revealed close associations between H2O2 and the concentration and distribution of auxin.H2O2 affected the expression of key genes,including OsYUCCA,OsPIN,OsARF,and OsIAA,in the auxin signaling pathway in Cd-treated plants.These results suggest that H2O2 functions upstream of the auxin signaling pathway.Furthermore,H2O2 modified the expression of cell-cycle genes in Cd-treated roots.The effects of H2O2 on root system growth are therefore linked to auxin signal modification and to variations in the expression of cell-cycle genes in Cd-stressed rice.A working model for the effects of H2O2 on Cd-stressed root system growth is thus proposed and discussed in this paper. The link between root growth, H2O2, auxin signaling, and the cell cycle in cadmium (Cd) -stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.cv. Zhonghua No.11) was analyzed in this study. Expose to Cd induced a significant accumulation of Cd , but caused a decrease in zinc (Zn) content which resulted from the decreased expression of OsHMA9 and OsZIP. Analysis using a Cd-specific probe showed that Cd was mainly localized in the meristematic zone and vascular tissues. Formation and elongation of the root system were also highly promoted by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), but were markedly inhibited by N, N’dimethylthiourea (DMTU) under Cd stress.The effect of H2O2 on Cd-stressed root growth was further confirmed by examining a gain-of-function rice mutant (carrying catalase1 and glutathione-S-transferase) in the presence or absence of diphenylene iodonium. DR5-GUSzed revealed close association between H2O2 and the concentration and distribution of auxin.H2O2 affected the expression of key genes, including OsYUCCA, OsPIN, OsARF, and OsIAA, in the auxin signaling pathway in Cd-treated plants. These results suggest that H2O2 functions upstream of the auxin signaling pathway. Fluorrthermore, H2O2 modified the expression of cell-cycle genes in Cd-treated roots. The effects of H2O2 on root system growth caused linked to auxin signal modification and to variations in the expression of cell-cycle genes in Cd-stressed rice. A working model for the effects of H2O2 on Cd-stressed root system growth is thus proposed and discussed in this paper.
其他文献
在英语学习中听力对大多数学生来讲较难。每次考试或者放录音做练习,学生总是抱怨录音读得太快,听不懂。考试时,对话和根据所听短文填空成了失分较多的题目,尤其是现在学习的牛津版本,词量大,句式多,很多学生都头疼不已。在教学过程中,我陆陆续续总结了几条提高听力的“诀窍”,希望能够帮助学生尽快地提高听力。下面,我就是谈谈我总结的“诀窍”。  一、注意听说读写四方面的综合训练  听,是人类进行交际的重要手段,
A thorough understanding of the genetic basis of rice grain traits is critical for the improvement of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties.In this study,we generate
期刊
随着我国对英语教育的改革,使学生意识到学习英语的重要性。在初中英语教学中,教师要紧紧的依据教学大纲的要求开展课堂教学,强调提高学生的听、说、读、写等方面的能力,以词汇、句型的讲解作为切入点,强化学生书面表达能力的培养。在听、说、读、写这几个方面中,学生的写作能力是亟待提高的方面之一。对学生而言,写作的要求较高,写作题目也比较难掌握,词汇量要求也较高。  初中英语中考试题中的最后一道题目为书面表达题
在初中英语教学中,我不断总结,探索,学习,发现英语课堂的教学方法是多种多样的,教师要在教学实践中努力探索,使外语教学更加符合语言教学的规律,符合心理学、教育学的规律。只有这样,才能提高效率,减轻学生的负担,全面提高学生的素质。一方面,教师应创建和谐的学习氛围、融洽的师生关系,以激发学生的学习兴趣为切入点,及时鼓励,增强学生的自信心,从学生的实际水平出发,提高英语课堂的有效性。另一方面,要分析学生的
摘要:少数民族地区的文化发展直接影响我们总体文化水平的提升,在少数民族的教育发展过程中,体现的是民族文化差异下对大众文化的吸纳以及对语言文化的理解能力上,本文结合笔者在新疆多年来的教学经验,总结新疆少数民族学生在学习英语过程中取得的成就,以及在国际大环境下如何实现少数民族英语水平的大发展,希望本文的研究能够对学生的英语学习有一定的辅助作用。  关键词:少数民族学生;英语学习;现在;发展空间  一、
“工欲善其事,必先利其器。”这是我们常常引用的两句名言,它出自《论语》这个地方,是我国大教育家孔子说的话。孔子告诉子贡,一个做手工或工艺的人,要想把工作完成,做得完善,应该先把工具准备好。那么教书育人不也是如此吗?我们要想获得高效课堂,就要善用教学策略这把利器,去砺练学生的意志品质和思维能力,帮他们找到适合自己的学习方法。下面是我在教学实践中的一些体会,愿与大家分享,渴望得到大家的指导和帮助。  
摘要:初中英语是初中课程中占有十分钟要的地位,随着时代的进步,英语教学方法也得到了发展,大量的教学方法应用于英语课堂中,将知识系统化,了解学生的特点和认知结构、知识水平,更好的调动学生的主观能动性,激发学生学习英语的兴趣,培养学生英语思维,增强学生对语法的创新意识,因材施教,发展学生独立思考能力,发展实效性英语教学,倡导自主探索、合作交流等学习方式。准确而灵活地运用英语语言研究。根据本人从教多年的
书面表达是一项综合性很强的训练,它要求考生运用所学语言知识,根据试题提供的图、表或提纲等信息写成一篇内容完整、表达流畅、语言地道的文章,这就决定了考生不仅要有丰富的词汇和语法知识,而且要有比较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力。英语作文篇幅虽然短小,但易流于机械的翻译,一篇好的英语作文仍可于方寸之地尽显乾坤。  一、要点的齐全性  高考英语书面表达评分标准之一是,覆盖所有内容要点。如果一篇文章定4个内
摘要:要打破沉闷的英语课堂气氛,教师就要从快乐式教学理念出发,创设良好的英语语言环境,采用灵活多样的教学方法,组织丰富多彩的课堂练习活动,形成以“学生”为中心的新的课堂练习模式,让学生积极参与到课堂中来,想方设法让学生学得轻松愉快且兴趣盎然,使学生置身于一个英语的天地中,让英语课堂充满活力,在英语教学中课堂练习环节至关重要。课堂练习质量的好坏,直接影响着课堂教学是否成功。一节好课,课堂练习必须体现
摘要:在英语教学中,既要重视知识传授,更要发掘学生运用英语的能力。因此,作为语言教师要认清语言知识与语言运用能力的辩证关系,提高自身素质,采取提高学生英语运用的教学实践方式,以培养学生运用英语的能力。本文主要阐述了中学生英语运用能力培养的方式和途径。  关键词:中学生;英语运用;培养方式  学生英语运用能力的培养是学生学习英语和掌握语言能力的关键,每一位教师都希望能把毕生所学知识传授给学生,但在实