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本论文一反盛行已久的关于《蝇王》展现“人性恶”的观点,联系20世纪以来的国际风云,尤其是第二次世界大战的种种现实,从政治层面进一步解读,认为小说中拉尔夫与杰克的权力斗争与20世纪风雨如晦的成人世界的战争构成一种内在的呼应。拉尔夫与杰克分别代表民主与极权,由于民主领导人性格上的弱点和管理上的缺陷,导致后者有机可乘、夺取政权,建立了用暴力手段、以个人意志决定一切的极权政治。杰克战胜拉尔夫影射了二战初期希特勒战胜张伯伦、法西斯阵营在战场上所向披靡的现实,同时向世人警示:如果民主与文明自身不加以巩固与完善,极权主义就仍可能再次浮出水面。
This essay awaits the long-standing view that “Lord of the Flies” shows “evil human nature”. The international situation since the 20th century, especially the realities of the Second World War, is further interpreted from the political perspective. The power struggle between Ralph and Jack and the stormy adult world war in the 20th century constitute an internal echo. Ralf and Jack respectively represent democracy and totalitarianism. Due to the personality weakness and the management flaws of the democratic leaders, the latter leads the latter to take advantage of the political power and seize the power. It has also established the totalitarian politics with violence and personal determination. Jack’s victory over Ralph reflected the reality of Hitler’s victory over Chamberlain and the Fascist camp in the battlefield at the beginning of World War II and also warned the world that if democracy and civilization themselves were not consolidated and perfected, totalitarianism could still surface again.