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英语中的插入语(Parenthesis)是指插在句子中的一个词、短语或从句,通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他部分隔开,它与句子的其他部分之间没有语法上的关系。它在句子中的位置灵活,可位于句首,句中或句尾,但不能离开句子单独存在。
插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表示说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。
高中英语课本中多次出现了各种形式的插入语,现将它的形式归纳如下:
插入语大致可分为以下10种类型:
1、动词短语作插入语
如:If a substansce has a higher density,say 5,000 kg/m,it will not float an water.
如果一种物质有较高的密度,比方说是5000千克每立方米,它就会漂在水上。
2、形容词或形容词短语作插入语
如:worst still(更糟的是),sure enough(果然), strange(奇怪的是),most important of all(重要的是),worst of all(最糟糕的是)等。
Strange,there is nobody in the classroom.
很奇怪,教室里没人。
Worse still,the lion could even carry off the baby in its mouth.
更糟糕的是,这只狮子甚至会咬死它嘴里的婴儿。
3、副词或副词短语作插入语
如:personally(就个人来说),honestly(说真的),fortunately(不幸的是),luckily(幸运的是),besides(除此之外),exactly(确切的是),frankly(坦率地),otherwise(否则)等。
Personally,I prefer the second option.
就我个人而言,我更喜欢第二种选择。
Obviously,he told a lie just now.
很显然,他刚才说谎了。
4、介词短语作插入语
如:of course(当然),in short(简言之),as a matter of fact(事实上),by the way(顺便问一下),on the other hand(另一方面),in my opinion(在我看来),in conclusion(总之)等。
In short,we should not stop halfway.
简言之,我们不能半途而废。
As a result,they suffered heavy losses.
结果,他们受到了严重损失。
5、现在分词短语作插入语
如:generally speaking(一般来说), judging from…(根据……判断),considering…(考虑到……)等。
Considering his age,he did very well.
从年龄考虑,他干得挺不错。
Frankly speaking,I don’t like the job.
坦率地说,我不喜欢这份工作。
6、动词不定式作插入语
如:to be frank(坦率地说),to tell you the truth(说实话),so to speak(可以说)等。
To be frank,I don’t quite agree with you.
坦率地说,我不太同意你的意见。
To tell you the truth,I am not very interested in going to the show.
说实在的,我不太想去看演出。
7、代词词组作插入语
如:all the same(尽管如此),all told(总共),all in all(总的来说)等。
His crew was reduced to twenty-four all told.
他的船员减少到总共二十四人。
All in all,her condition is greatly improved.
总的来说,她的情况有很大好转。
8、从句作插入语
如:if so/not/any,if I may say so,if you don’t mind,as you know,as you say 等。
If I may say so,we know nothing about it.
正如我所说的,我们对它一无所知。
This man,as you know,is good for nothing.
正如你所说的,这个人是个废物。
9、句子作插入语
如:I think/hope/believe,you know/see,what’s more,that is (to say),I’m afraid,do you think/suppose等。
It’s a great mistake,I think,not to accept their proposal.
我看,不接受他们的建议是个大错误。
The old man,it is said,was an artist but people hardly know anything about this side of his life.
据说,这位老人曾是个艺术家,可是人们对他这方面的生活几乎一无所知。
插入语在句中通常是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表示说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子与前面的语句衔接的更紧密一些。
高中英语课本中多次出现了各种形式的插入语,现将它的形式归纳如下:
插入语大致可分为以下10种类型:
1、动词短语作插入语
如:If a substansce has a higher density,say 5,000 kg/m,it will not float an water.
如果一种物质有较高的密度,比方说是5000千克每立方米,它就会漂在水上。
2、形容词或形容词短语作插入语
如:worst still(更糟的是),sure enough(果然), strange(奇怪的是),most important of all(重要的是),worst of all(最糟糕的是)等。
Strange,there is nobody in the classroom.
很奇怪,教室里没人。
Worse still,the lion could even carry off the baby in its mouth.
更糟糕的是,这只狮子甚至会咬死它嘴里的婴儿。
3、副词或副词短语作插入语
如:personally(就个人来说),honestly(说真的),fortunately(不幸的是),luckily(幸运的是),besides(除此之外),exactly(确切的是),frankly(坦率地),otherwise(否则)等。
Personally,I prefer the second option.
就我个人而言,我更喜欢第二种选择。
Obviously,he told a lie just now.
很显然,他刚才说谎了。
4、介词短语作插入语
如:of course(当然),in short(简言之),as a matter of fact(事实上),by the way(顺便问一下),on the other hand(另一方面),in my opinion(在我看来),in conclusion(总之)等。
In short,we should not stop halfway.
简言之,我们不能半途而废。
As a result,they suffered heavy losses.
结果,他们受到了严重损失。
5、现在分词短语作插入语
如:generally speaking(一般来说), judging from…(根据……判断),considering…(考虑到……)等。
Considering his age,he did very well.
从年龄考虑,他干得挺不错。
Frankly speaking,I don’t like the job.
坦率地说,我不喜欢这份工作。
6、动词不定式作插入语
如:to be frank(坦率地说),to tell you the truth(说实话),so to speak(可以说)等。
To be frank,I don’t quite agree with you.
坦率地说,我不太同意你的意见。
To tell you the truth,I am not very interested in going to the show.
说实在的,我不太想去看演出。
7、代词词组作插入语
如:all the same(尽管如此),all told(总共),all in all(总的来说)等。
His crew was reduced to twenty-four all told.
他的船员减少到总共二十四人。
All in all,her condition is greatly improved.
总的来说,她的情况有很大好转。
8、从句作插入语
如:if so/not/any,if I may say so,if you don’t mind,as you know,as you say 等。
If I may say so,we know nothing about it.
正如我所说的,我们对它一无所知。
This man,as you know,is good for nothing.
正如你所说的,这个人是个废物。
9、句子作插入语
如:I think/hope/believe,you know/see,what’s more,that is (to say),I’m afraid,do you think/suppose等。
It’s a great mistake,I think,not to accept their proposal.
我看,不接受他们的建议是个大错误。
The old man,it is said,was an artist but people hardly know anything about this side of his life.
据说,这位老人曾是个艺术家,可是人们对他这方面的生活几乎一无所知。