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按照中国农历，2016年是猴年（the Chinese year of the Monkey）。在中国，猴子多被视为聪明伶俐的动物。因为有了《西游记》的长久影响，人们看到猴子总是难免会想起神通广大的齐天大圣。而在英语中，monkey则多与搞怪、模仿、闲散的形象有关。本着文化互通的精神，现在介绍英语和汉语中与猴子相关的一些短语表达，个中的文化内涵，留给大家自己体会吧。
一、英语中与猴子相关的短语（Monkey Idioms in English）
1. make a monkey out of someone使某人出洋相，愚弄某人
He made a monkey out of me by calling me names in front of my girlfriend. 他当着我女朋友的面辱骂我，让我很难堪。
You may make a monkey out of someone when you make that person look foolish. Some people make a monkey out of themselves by acting foolish or silly. 你可能戏弄了某人，让某人看起来很傻。有些人总是做一些荒唐可笑的事情，结果总是把自己给嘲弄了。
2. monkey around with somebody or something 瞎捣鼓，闲晃
You must stop monkeying around with that old computer if you want to finish the work on time. 你要是想按时完成工作就别捣鼓那台旧电脑了。
They just stare back at the crowds of people who turn out to watch them. Then they continue to monkey around and have a good time. 他们只是回过头来瞪着跑出来看他们的人群，然后继续胡闹，玩得不亦乐乎。
3. monkey business 非法活动，骗人的把戏；欺骗的行为；恶作剧
You must stop the monkey business if you don’t want to get into trouble. 你要是不想惹麻烦，就不要干那些非法的事。
Some newspapers say there’s a lot of monkey business going on at the company. 一些报纸报导说这个公司里有很多见不得人的勾当。
4. monkey suit 制服，礼服
I hate going to weddings and wearing a monkey suit. 我很讨厌参加婚礼，也讨厌穿礼服。
Bob hats wearing a monkey suit to work. 鲍勃讨厌穿着制服去上班
5. monkey wrench破坏性因素
Bill’s code changes threw a monkey wrench into the new software. 比尔的代码发生变化把整个新软件都搞砸了。
He threw a monkey wrench into our plans. 他打破了我们的计划。
6. a monkey on one’s back 阻止某人成功的严重问题，历史问题
He was afraid that his past would always be a monkey on his back. 他担心他过去的问题将会永远成为他的包袱。
I’ve got a monkey on my back for a long time. 很长时间以来我一直负担沉重。
7. monkey see， monkey do有样学样
It is a case of monkey see， monkey do. She does everything that her cousin does. 她就是东施效颦，她表姐做什么，她就做什么。
“The industry typically has a monkey see， monkey do mentality， so now that two major issuers have announced it， I can’t help but think we’ll see the others follow suit，” said Arnold. “这一行业通常是有样学样的心态，所以现在两个主要的问题人物已经宣告，我不禁想我们会看到其他人效仿，”阿诺德说。
8. more fun than a barrel of monkeys 非常有趣
He is quite popular with his friends because he is more fun than a barrel of monkeys. 他在朋友当中很有欢迎，因为他是个特别有趣的人。
If your friend says he had more fun than a barrel of monkeys at your party， you know that he had a really good time. 如果你的朋友对你说，在你的聚会上他比一堆猴子还有趣，你就知道他玩得很开心。 9. Well， I’ll be a monkey’s uncle. （表示特别惊讶）不敢相信
Well， I’ll be a monkey’s uncle. I never thought Bill would remarry. 天啊！我从来都没想过比尔会再婚。
二、汉语中与猴子有关的短语（Monkey Idioms in Chinese）及英译
1. 杀鸡骇猴；杀鸡儆猴；杀鸡吓猴；杀鸡哧猴 kill the chicken to frighten/ scare the monkey； beat the dog before the lion
本意是杀鸡给猴子看。比喻用惩罚一个人的办法来警告别的人。近义词为“杀一儆百”（execute one person as a warning to others）。
Killing the chicken to scare the monkey. It is a well-worn Chinese proverb that means a stern punishment in public serves as a warning to everybody. 杀鸡儆猴是一个人尽皆知的中国成语，意思是公开严惩一个人，以警告所有人。
The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others. 法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。
2. 猴年马月
god knows how long； one of these years； donkey’s years
“猴年马月”是一个民间谚语，指期盼的某件事情遥遥无期，要等很长很长的时间。
据说，这里的years其实是来自ears，因为驴的耳朵长，所以donkey’s ears就指代很长时间，后来演变成donkey’s years意思不变，也是因为驴的寿命普遍较长。
It will be donkey’s years before I can afford a house of my own. 我猴年马月才能买上房啊！
It will be donkey’s years before the new motorway is ready. 要修好高速公路，那可要等到猴年马月了。
How long must I continue to torture myself？ 我得这样折磨自己到猴年马月？
3. 沐猴而冠 a monkey with a hat on； a worthless person in imposing attire
沐猴：猕猴；冠：戴帽子。猴子穿衣戴帽，究竟不是真人。比喻虚有其表，形同傀儡。常用来讽刺投靠恶势力窃据权位的人。同“沐猴衣冠”。
Since he took office， those flunkies were all promoted to head of section， just like monkeys with hats on. 自从他上任后，他身边那些小人也一个个沐猴而冠，成了主管。
An ape is an ape， though decked with gold. 尽管穿金戴银，仍然是猿猴。
4. 树倒猢狲散When the tree falls， the monkeys will scatter； rats leave a sinking ship
树倒了，树上的猴子就散去。比喻靠山一旦垮台，依附的人也就一哄而散。
Rats desert a sinking ship. 船沉鼠搬家，树倒猢狲散。
5. 山中无老虎，猴子称大王。
When the cat is away， the mice will play. Among the blind， the one-eyed man is the king.
食物链顶端的大王不在，处于次级的猴子们就开始发号施令了。俗语，比喻没有能人，普通人物亦充当主要角色。
Joe seems to be on his high horse these days. This is “When the cat’s away， the mice will play”. 乔这几天很不可一世，正应了那句“山中无老虎，猴子称大王”。
6. 五马六猴 undisciplined person
形容不守规矩、不受管束的人。
We should be very strict with these undisciplined people. 我们要对这些五马六猴严加管理。
7. 猴头猴脑 silly； silly-faced
像猴子那样好动，形容行动浮躁。
The boy doesn’t behave himself in class； he looks silly-faced. 这孩子上课一点规矩也不懂，猴头猴脑的。
8. 教猱升木teach a monkey to climb a tree； give boldness /support to an evildoer
猱：猴子的一种。教猴子爬树。比喻指使坏人干坏事。
9. 猢狲入布袋like monkeys being confined in a bag
猢狲：猴子。猴子进了口袋。比喻行动失去约束。
10. 猿猴取月plough the air
比喻愚昧无知。也比喻白费力气。
11. 尖嘴猴腮one’s mouth sticks out and one has a chin like an ape’s
腮：面颊。尖嘴巴，瘦面颊。形容人相貌丑陋粗俗。
He had a wretched appearance. 他长得尖嘴猴腮。
12. 轩鹤冠猴beautiful clothes cannot hide the ugliness inside
乘轩之鹤，戴帽之猴。比喻滥厕禄位、虚有其表的人。
从上面这几个中文短语的英语表述中，我们可以看到，虽然两种语言中使用的动物不同，但表达的意思却是极其相近的。如果为了文字一一对应而强行把Beat the dog before the lion译为“狮子面前打狗”，就会让中文读者有些摸不着头脑了。由此可见，在翻译时找到双方语言中对等的恰当表达非常重要。
一、英语中与猴子相关的短语（Monkey Idioms in English）
1. make a monkey out of someone使某人出洋相，愚弄某人
He made a monkey out of me by calling me names in front of my girlfriend. 他当着我女朋友的面辱骂我，让我很难堪。
You may make a monkey out of someone when you make that person look foolish. Some people make a monkey out of themselves by acting foolish or silly. 你可能戏弄了某人，让某人看起来很傻。有些人总是做一些荒唐可笑的事情，结果总是把自己给嘲弄了。
2. monkey around with somebody or something 瞎捣鼓，闲晃
You must stop monkeying around with that old computer if you want to finish the work on time. 你要是想按时完成工作就别捣鼓那台旧电脑了。
They just stare back at the crowds of people who turn out to watch them. Then they continue to monkey around and have a good time. 他们只是回过头来瞪着跑出来看他们的人群，然后继续胡闹，玩得不亦乐乎。
3. monkey business 非法活动，骗人的把戏；欺骗的行为；恶作剧
You must stop the monkey business if you don’t want to get into trouble. 你要是不想惹麻烦，就不要干那些非法的事。
Some newspapers say there’s a lot of monkey business going on at the company. 一些报纸报导说这个公司里有很多见不得人的勾当。
4. monkey suit 制服，礼服
I hate going to weddings and wearing a monkey suit. 我很讨厌参加婚礼，也讨厌穿礼服。
Bob hats wearing a monkey suit to work. 鲍勃讨厌穿着制服去上班
5. monkey wrench破坏性因素
Bill’s code changes threw a monkey wrench into the new software. 比尔的代码发生变化把整个新软件都搞砸了。
He threw a monkey wrench into our plans. 他打破了我们的计划。
6. a monkey on one’s back 阻止某人成功的严重问题，历史问题
He was afraid that his past would always be a monkey on his back. 他担心他过去的问题将会永远成为他的包袱。
I’ve got a monkey on my back for a long time. 很长时间以来我一直负担沉重。
7. monkey see， monkey do有样学样
It is a case of monkey see， monkey do. She does everything that her cousin does. 她就是东施效颦，她表姐做什么，她就做什么。
“The industry typically has a monkey see， monkey do mentality， so now that two major issuers have announced it， I can’t help but think we’ll see the others follow suit，” said Arnold. “这一行业通常是有样学样的心态，所以现在两个主要的问题人物已经宣告，我不禁想我们会看到其他人效仿，”阿诺德说。
8. more fun than a barrel of monkeys 非常有趣
He is quite popular with his friends because he is more fun than a barrel of monkeys. 他在朋友当中很有欢迎，因为他是个特别有趣的人。
If your friend says he had more fun than a barrel of monkeys at your party， you know that he had a really good time. 如果你的朋友对你说，在你的聚会上他比一堆猴子还有趣，你就知道他玩得很开心。 9. Well， I’ll be a monkey’s uncle. （表示特别惊讶）不敢相信
Well， I’ll be a monkey’s uncle. I never thought Bill would remarry. 天啊！我从来都没想过比尔会再婚。
二、汉语中与猴子有关的短语（Monkey Idioms in Chinese）及英译
1. 杀鸡骇猴；杀鸡儆猴；杀鸡吓猴；杀鸡哧猴 kill the chicken to frighten/ scare the monkey； beat the dog before the lion
本意是杀鸡给猴子看。比喻用惩罚一个人的办法来警告别的人。近义词为“杀一儆百”（execute one person as a warning to others）。
Killing the chicken to scare the monkey. It is a well-worn Chinese proverb that means a stern punishment in public serves as a warning to everybody. 杀鸡儆猴是一个人尽皆知的中国成语，意思是公开严惩一个人，以警告所有人。
The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others. 法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。
2. 猴年马月
god knows how long； one of these years； donkey’s years
“猴年马月”是一个民间谚语，指期盼的某件事情遥遥无期，要等很长很长的时间。
据说，这里的years其实是来自ears，因为驴的耳朵长，所以donkey’s ears就指代很长时间，后来演变成donkey’s years意思不变，也是因为驴的寿命普遍较长。
It will be donkey’s years before I can afford a house of my own. 我猴年马月才能买上房啊！
It will be donkey’s years before the new motorway is ready. 要修好高速公路，那可要等到猴年马月了。
How long must I continue to torture myself？ 我得这样折磨自己到猴年马月？
3. 沐猴而冠 a monkey with a hat on； a worthless person in imposing attire
沐猴：猕猴；冠：戴帽子。猴子穿衣戴帽，究竟不是真人。比喻虚有其表，形同傀儡。常用来讽刺投靠恶势力窃据权位的人。同“沐猴衣冠”。
Since he took office， those flunkies were all promoted to head of section， just like monkeys with hats on. 自从他上任后，他身边那些小人也一个个沐猴而冠，成了主管。
An ape is an ape， though decked with gold. 尽管穿金戴银，仍然是猿猴。
4. 树倒猢狲散When the tree falls， the monkeys will scatter； rats leave a sinking ship
树倒了，树上的猴子就散去。比喻靠山一旦垮台，依附的人也就一哄而散。
Rats desert a sinking ship. 船沉鼠搬家，树倒猢狲散。
5. 山中无老虎，猴子称大王。
When the cat is away， the mice will play. Among the blind， the one-eyed man is the king.
食物链顶端的大王不在，处于次级的猴子们就开始发号施令了。俗语，比喻没有能人，普通人物亦充当主要角色。
Joe seems to be on his high horse these days. This is “When the cat’s away， the mice will play”. 乔这几天很不可一世，正应了那句“山中无老虎，猴子称大王”。
6. 五马六猴 undisciplined person
形容不守规矩、不受管束的人。
We should be very strict with these undisciplined people. 我们要对这些五马六猴严加管理。
7. 猴头猴脑 silly； silly-faced
像猴子那样好动，形容行动浮躁。
The boy doesn’t behave himself in class； he looks silly-faced. 这孩子上课一点规矩也不懂，猴头猴脑的。
8. 教猱升木teach a monkey to climb a tree； give boldness /support to an evildoer
猱：猴子的一种。教猴子爬树。比喻指使坏人干坏事。
9. 猢狲入布袋like monkeys being confined in a bag
猢狲：猴子。猴子进了口袋。比喻行动失去约束。
10. 猿猴取月plough the air
比喻愚昧无知。也比喻白费力气。
11. 尖嘴猴腮one’s mouth sticks out and one has a chin like an ape’s
腮：面颊。尖嘴巴，瘦面颊。形容人相貌丑陋粗俗。
He had a wretched appearance. 他长得尖嘴猴腮。
12. 轩鹤冠猴beautiful clothes cannot hide the ugliness inside
乘轩之鹤，戴帽之猴。比喻滥厕禄位、虚有其表的人。
从上面这几个中文短语的英语表述中，我们可以看到，虽然两种语言中使用的动物不同，但表达的意思却是极其相近的。如果为了文字一一对应而强行把Beat the dog before the lion译为“狮子面前打狗”，就会让中文读者有些摸不着头脑了。由此可见，在翻译时找到双方语言中对等的恰当表达非常重要。