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九年制义务教育《全日制初级中学生物教学大纲》明确指出:培养学生能力应与传授知识并举,也就是把二者放在同等重要的位置,由应试教育转轨于素质教育,提高学生能力是其中的一个重要方面。其培养途径主要是通过生物实验来实现的。初中生物实验能力包括观察能力、实验操作能力、分析实验现象能力、实验设计能力、综合应用能力。而观察能力的培养是上述诸项能力中最基本的能力培养,也是使学生从形象思维逐步过渡到抽象思维的重要阶段。
Nine-year compulsory education “full-time junior high school biology syllabus” clearly states: training students ability and impart knowledge simultaneously, which is to put the two equally important position, exam-oriented education in quality education, improve the ability of students One of the important aspects. Its cultivation method is mainly achieved through biological experiments. Junior high school biology experiment ability includes observation ability, experimental operation ability, analysis of experimental phenomenon ability, experimental design ability, comprehensive application ability. The cultivation of observational abilities is the most basic ability training among the above abilities, and it is also an important stage that enables students to gradually transition from the image thinking to the abstract thinking.