本文把小说看作是一个“活”的文本,充满了声音和话语。其中有叙述者的声音、人物的声音、作者的声音和受述者的声音;“谁”在支配这些声音讲话,其权威来自何处;声音又有公开的与私人之分,何是公开,何谓私人,在作品中用什么方式来表现(直接引语,间接引语,自由间接引语等)。本文试图对以上各问题进行梳理浅述。 This article treats novels as a “living” text, full of sounds and words. Among them are the voice of the narrator, the voice of the character, the voice of the author, and the voice of the narrator; “Who ” where they speak in their voice, and where their authority comes from; and the voice is open and private Open, what is private, in what ways in the work to express (direct speech, indirect speech, free indirect speech, etc.). This article attempts to sort out the above problems briefly.