中国现代文化从五四时期到抗战时期,便是沿着从“世界化”到“中国化”的路向发展。这是悲怆的回归之路:它既意味着中华民族的觉醒,也意味着中华民族的困惑;既意味着中华民族在救亡图存事业中的奋发,也意味着中华民族在现代化事业中的挫折。在“中国化”运动中所发展起来的排外主义和反现代主义意绪,则可视为那场国难给中国现代化事业造成的内伤。 From the May 4th Movement to the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chinese modern culture developed along the road from “globalization” to “localization.” This is a path of return to sorrow: it means not only the awakening of the Chinese nation, but also the confusion of the Chinese nation. It not only means that the Chinese nation has worked hard in the cause of saving the nation but also the setback of the Chinese nation in its modernization drive. The xenophobia and anti-modernist sentiments developed in the “sinicization” movement can be regarded as the internal injury caused to China’s modernization by that national crisis.