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关于热的本质,过去有热质说,现在是分子运动论.热质说认为:物体的冷热,由物体所含热质的多少来决定.分子运动论指出:由物体内大量微粒子混乱运动的强弱,制约着物体冷热等现象的规律.大量微粒子的混乱碰撞,可以叫做热作用.它使物体扩散、均衡、膨胀……,使自然过程具有方向性,即不可逆性.我们以此为线索,介绍一些有关热现象的基本概念和规律.
With regard to the essence of heat, in the past there was the theory of heat, and now it is the theory of molecular movement. The theory of heat says that the coldness and heat of objects are determined by the amount of heat contained in an object. The theory of molecular motion points out that chaos is caused by the mass of particles inside the object. The strengths and weaknesses of the objects restrict the regularity of the phenomena such as cold and hot objects. The chaotic collision of a large number of particles can be called thermal action. It causes the objects to diffuse, equalize, and expand... so that the natural process has directionality, that is, irreversibility. For clues, introduce some basic concepts and laws related to thermal phenomena.