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化学渗透现象引起的“耦合流”研究,已广泛应用于地球科学、环境科学和土木工程等多个领域。回顾了自20世纪50年代以来化学渗透以及黏土半透膜效应的研究进展。分别从理论基础、试验研究和数值模型等3个方面综述了黏土岩土的化学渗透效应的理论及其研究进展,重点阐述了化学渗透现象及其黏土半透膜效应的室内试验、场地试验及野外证据以及化学渗透“耦合流”的不连续模型和连续模型。指出今后应重点研究黏性土化学渗透效应对地下水流及溶质运移的影响研究。这将有利于我国进一步开展考虑化学渗透效应的地下水数值模拟研究。
The “coupled flow” caused by the chemical infiltration phenomenon has been widely used in many fields such as earth science, environmental science and civil engineering. The research progress of chemical penetration and clay semi-permeable membrane effect since the 1950s is reviewed. The theory and research progress of the chemical infiltration effect of clay soils are summarized from three aspects: theoretical basis, experimental study and numerical model. The laboratory experiments and site tests of the chemical infiltration phenomena and the semi-permeable membrane effect of clay are highlighted. Field evidence and discontinuous and continuous models of chemical infiltration and coupled flow. It is pointed out that the research on the influence of chemical osmotic effect of clay on groundwater flow and solute transport should be studied in the future. This will facilitate the further development of numerical simulation of groundwater considering the effect of chemical infiltration.