《课程标准》指出:“学生是学习和发展的主体,科学课程必须根据学生的身心发展和科学学习的特点,关注学生的个体差异和不同的学习需求,爱护学生的好奇心、求知欲,充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神,倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式。” The curriculum standard states: “Students are the main body of learning and development. The science curriculum must be based on the characteristics of students ’physical and mental development and scientific learning, pay attention to individual differences and different learning needs of students, cherish students’ curiosity, curiosity, Fully stimulate students’ initiative and enterprising spirit and promote independent, cooperative and exploratory learning. ”