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状语从句是高考的一个命题点,就其意义和作用可分为时间、条件、原因、方式、目的、结果、地点状语等九种,其中时间状语从句在考题中出现较频繁。如as soon as引导的表示“一……就……”的时间状语从句,大致可归结为如下九种:
一、as soon as(一……就……)是最普通的说法,在像其引导的这类时间状语从句中,若主句用了一般将来时,则从句通常用一般现在时代替主句的一般将来时。例:
I will go to see you as soon as I finish my homework.
一完成家庭作业,我就去看你。
二、no sooner...than(刚……就……),than前面要用过去完成时,其后面要用一般过去时。当否定词no sooner位于句首时,主句要用倒装句,从句不倒装。例:
I had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.
No sooner had I come into the room than the door was closed.
我刚进入房间,门就被关上了。
三、hardly/scarcely...when...(刚要……就……),本句型与no sooner...than用法雷同,when前面要用过去完成时,其后面要用一般过去时。当否定词hardly位于句首时,主句要用倒装句,从句不倒装。例:
I had hardly/scarcely entered the room when I heard a loud shout.
Hardly/Scarcely had I entered the room when I heard a loud shout.
我刚要进屋,就听见一声尖叫。
四、once(一……就……)是从属连词,有时相当于as soon as的用法。例:
Once published,his poetry became very popular with the young.
他的诗一出版就深受年轻人的喜爱。
五、on/upon+n./doing,介词on/upon作“在……时,在……之后”解,后接名词或动名词,相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句,强调这个动作一发生,另一动作立即发生。例:
On arrival in Paris,he was recognized as a noble and thrown.
一到巴黎,他就立即被认出是一个贵族,因而被投入监狱。
On hearing the news,she could not help crying.
一听到这个消息,她就情不自禁地哭起来。
六、be about to do sth...when...(正要……这时……),不可与明确的时间状语连用。例:
We were about to go when it started to rain.
我们刚要出去,这时天就下起雨来了。
七、on the point of doing sth...when...(正要……这时……),本句型与上句相似。例:
I was on the point of leaving office,when a student came in.
我刚要离开办公室,这时一个学生进来了。
八、the moment/minute/instant/second等,原本是名词词组,但是在句子中可以起连词作用,引导一个时间状语从句,意思相当于as soon as。例:
The moment Meg got the news,he told us about it.
梅格一得到那个消息,就告诉了我们。
She jumped with joy the minute she was told about the result of the final exam.
她一知道期终考试的结果就兴奋地跳起来。
九、immediately/instantly/directly等副词,亦有表示连词的功能,表示“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。例:
Please let me know the result directly you get it.
你一得知结果,就请告诉我。
一、as soon as(一……就……)是最普通的说法,在像其引导的这类时间状语从句中,若主句用了一般将来时,则从句通常用一般现在时代替主句的一般将来时。例:
I will go to see you as soon as I finish my homework.
一完成家庭作业,我就去看你。
二、no sooner...than(刚……就……),than前面要用过去完成时,其后面要用一般过去时。当否定词no sooner位于句首时,主句要用倒装句,从句不倒装。例:
I had no sooner come into the room than the door was closed.
No sooner had I come into the room than the door was closed.
我刚进入房间,门就被关上了。
三、hardly/scarcely...when...(刚要……就……),本句型与no sooner...than用法雷同,when前面要用过去完成时,其后面要用一般过去时。当否定词hardly位于句首时,主句要用倒装句,从句不倒装。例:
I had hardly/scarcely entered the room when I heard a loud shout.
Hardly/Scarcely had I entered the room when I heard a loud shout.
我刚要进屋,就听见一声尖叫。
四、once(一……就……)是从属连词,有时相当于as soon as的用法。例:
Once published,his poetry became very popular with the young.
他的诗一出版就深受年轻人的喜爱。
五、on/upon+n./doing,介词on/upon作“在……时,在……之后”解,后接名词或动名词,相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句,强调这个动作一发生,另一动作立即发生。例:
On arrival in Paris,he was recognized as a noble and thrown.
一到巴黎,他就立即被认出是一个贵族,因而被投入监狱。
On hearing the news,she could not help crying.
一听到这个消息,她就情不自禁地哭起来。
六、be about to do sth...when...(正要……这时……),不可与明确的时间状语连用。例:
We were about to go when it started to rain.
我们刚要出去,这时天就下起雨来了。
七、on the point of doing sth...when...(正要……这时……),本句型与上句相似。例:
I was on the point of leaving office,when a student came in.
我刚要离开办公室,这时一个学生进来了。
八、the moment/minute/instant/second等,原本是名词词组,但是在句子中可以起连词作用,引导一个时间状语从句,意思相当于as soon as。例:
The moment Meg got the news,he told us about it.
梅格一得到那个消息,就告诉了我们。
She jumped with joy the minute she was told about the result of the final exam.
她一知道期终考试的结果就兴奋地跳起来。
九、immediately/instantly/directly等副词,亦有表示连词的功能,表示“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。例:
Please let me know the result directly you get it.
你一得知结果,就请告诉我。