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目的了解北京市城郊区男女中学生体质量、全身骨密度、骨龄、肌肉、脂肪的特性,分析其差异性。方法采用美国Norland XR-800双能X线骨密度仪(DXA),测量130例正常城郊区中学生受试者全身骨密度(BMD)、腕骨骨密度、骨矿含量(BMC)、肌肉含量(LM)、脂肪含量(FM),计算体质量指数(BMI),分析体成分特性及差异。采用荷兰Philips公司Achieva3.0T核磁共振机,测量36例受试者全身体脂含量,评价DXA与MRI脂肪测量的一致性。结果⑴所有130例受试者全身BMD与体质量、BMI、LM均呈线性正相关(分别为r_(体质量)=0.770,P=0.000;r_(BMI)=0.586,P=0.000;r_(LM)=0.654,P=0.000),而与FM无线性相关性(r_(FM)=0.293,P=0.007)。⑵按性别分析,65例男生全身BMD与体质量、BMI、LM均呈线性正相关(分别为r_(体质量)=0.818,P=0.000;r_(BMI)=0.677,P=0.000;r_(LM)=0.847,P=0.000),而与FM无线性相关性(r_(FM)=0.267,P=0.031);65例女生全身BMD与体质量、BMI、LM、FM均呈线性正相关(分别为r_(体质量)=0.737,P=0.000;r_(BMI)=0.407,P=0.001;r_(LM)=0.703,P=0.000;r_(FM)=0.564,P=0.000)。⑶DXA测得城区男中学生全身BMD、BMC高于郊区男中学生,城区女中学生身高、全身BMD、BMC、肌肉含量高于郊区女中学生,其他体成分指标差异无统计学意义。结论青少年全身BMD与体质量、BMI呈线性正相关,其中起主要作用的是肌肉组织,与脂肪组织关系不大。城郊区男女生仅在全身BMD、BMC上有差异,说明北京市城郊区中学生的生长发育差异已较5年前缩小。
Objective To understand the characteristics of body mass, whole body bone mineral density, bone age, muscle and fat of male and female middle school students in suburban Beijing and to analyze their differences. Methods The BMD, carpal bony mineral density (BMMC), bone mineral content (BMC) and muscle mass (LM) of 130 normal suburban middle school students were measured by Norland XR-800 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) ), Fat content (FM), calculated body mass index (BMI), and analyzed body composition characteristics and differences. Using the Netherlands Philips Achieva3.0T nuclear magnetic resonance machine, 36 subjects were measured body fat content, evaluation of DXA and MRI fat measurement consistency. Results (1) The body mass, BMI and LM of all 130 subjects were linearly and positively correlated with each other (r_ (body mass) = 0.770, P = 0.000; r BMI = 0.586, P = 0.000; LM) = 0.654, P = 0.000), while it had no linear correlation with FM (r FM = 0.293, P = 0.007). (2) According to the gender analysis, the BMD of 65 boys was positively correlated with body weight, BMI and LM (r_ (body mass) = 0.818, P = 0.000; r_ (R = 0.267, P = 0.031). There was a positive correlation between BMD and body mass, BMI, LM and FM in 65 girls R_ (body mass) = 0.737, P = 0.000; r_ (BMI) = 0.407, P = 0.001; r_ (LM) = 0.703, P = 0.000; r_ (FM) = 0.564, P = 0.000). ⑶DXA measured urban boys middle school students with systemic BMD, BMC higher than suburban boys, city girls secondary school students height, body BMD, BMC, muscle content higher than the suburbs of female students, other body composition index was not statistically significant. Conclusion The body mass and BMI of adolescents have a linear positive correlation with BMD. Among them, muscle tissue plays an important role, but it has little to do with adipose tissue. The boys and girls in suburban areas only had differences in their BMD and BMC, which indicated that the differences in growth and development of middle school students in suburban areas of Beijing had been reduced compared with 5 years ago.