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很多同学经常将自己曾经做错的题再次做错,这让无数考生感到无奈并自责。究其原因,都是思维定式惹的祸。要想让自己不再犯同样的错误,就必须将犯错的原因从源头上弄清楚,真正走出错误思维。请先做以下练习题,然后再仔细研读答案与讲解,以帮助大家走出解答陷阱题的困惑。
1. Which do you enjoy ____ your holiday, going touring or staying at home?
A. spending B. to spend C. spend
2. It’s our duty to ____ people ____ too many trees.
A. stop; cutting down B. prevent; to cut down
C. keep; cutting down D. make; cut down
3. ——Will you please show me how to do the role play exercise?
——Sure. Now let me tell you ____ first.
A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do
4. It’s selfish ____ Eddie ____ the whole birthday cake.
A. of; to eat B. of; eating C. for; to eat D. for; eating
5. Students should pay attention to ____ the teacher in class.
A. hear B. listen to C. listening to D. hearing of
6. My friend, Darren, is coming to visit us. I’m looking forward to ____ him.
A. meet B. meeting C. to meet D. to meeting
7. Grandma ____ us stories when we were very young.
A. used to tell B. is used to tell C. was used to telling
8. They are too tired, so they stop ____ and have a rest.
A. working B. to work C. work
9. Is this the factory ____ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
Is this the factory ____ he worked ten years ago?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
10. He has two sons, ____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of them D. all of whom
【答案与解析】
1.解析:本题易错选A。其原因在于很多同学都认为enjoy doing sth.是一个习惯搭配,然而本题的答题关键却在题目的后半部分going touring or staying at home,说明是在两者中选择做什么来度过这个假期。事实上对于此类题目若同学们觉得比较难的话,可将该句改为:You enjoy which ____ your holiday, going touring or staying at home?由此我们就可确定正确答案应为B。再如:
After school, what my son enjoys ____ football.
A. playing B. played C. to play D. is playing
本题易错选A。而正确思路应为what my son enjoys 为主语从句,此句缺少be作谓语,故排除B和C,应选D。
2. 解析:本题易错选C。因为许多同学都会认为“阻止某人做某事”可用stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth.,但是,stop/prevent在主动语态中可将后面的from省去,被动语态中三者均不可省,而有的同学会误认为from在所有的主动语态中都可以省,于是就会错选C。若用keep sb. doing sth. 就表示“让某人一直做某事”,意思显然不对。本题的正确答案应为A。
3. 解析:本题易错选B。一般同学们会认为“我要教你怎么做”是方式,所以用how to do。但事实上该句是在考查名词性从句的省略现象,若将该句还原,我们会得到以下句子:Let me tell you ____(第一步该怎么做)。那么我们可以这样来表达:how you should do it first/what you should do。如果将其省略就应为how to do it/what to do。因此本题的正确答案应为D。再如:
I need your help because I don’t know ____.
A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it D. what should I do
4. 解析:本题易错选C。因为很多同学会认为“对于Eddie来说是selfish的”,然而此题的考查重点在于介词的选择。我们说“如果某事对于某人来说是怎么样的”,会经常使用for,而如果是“某人本身所具有的本质”的话,则应使用of,常见的句型有:It’s important/strange/necessary for sb. to do sth.;It is selfish/brave/foolish/clever of sb. to do sth.。因此本题的正确答案应为A。
5. 解析:本题易错选B。此题的关键在于pay attention to中的to 为介词,其后应接doing。因此本题的正确答案应为C。
6. 解析:本题易错选C。此题的关键在于looking forward to中的to 为介词,其后应接doing。因此本题的正确答案应为B。
7. 解析:本题易错选C。此题主要考查这几个形式相近的词组的含义。used to do 意为“过去常常做某事”,be used to do 意为“被用来做某事”,而be used to doing则表示“习惯于做某事”。因此本题的正确答案应为A。
8. 解析:本题主要是要搞清楚stop to do 与stop doing的区别,stop后接动词不定式表示“停下来去做某事”,而接动名词则表示“停止做某事”,根据句意本题应选A。后接动词不定式和动名词含义不一样的还有以下词组:remember to do 意为“记得去做某事”,remember doing意为“记得做过某事”。类似的还有forget/regret/go on 等。
9. 解析:这3道题是定语从句中较为典型的题。我们知道定语从句必须要满足3个条件:(1)必须要有先行词;(2)先行词在从句中必须充当一定的成分;(3)关系词要代替前面的先行词。而定语从句连接词的选择是考查的重中之重,主要是看从句中缺什么成分,通常是缺什么就补什么。这几道题的答案分别应为A,D,B。我们可将它们转换为以下几种形式:
This is the factory ____ you visited the other day. (从句中缺少宾语)
This factory is ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday. (该句无先行词,若为名词性从句则应用what来引导)
This is the factory ____ he worked ten years ago. (从句中缺少状语)
10. 解析:该题易错选C。在定语从句中逗号是十分关键的,题中逗号说明该句为非限制性定语从句,所以只能选择B。然而若将题干改为He has two sons and ____ work as chemists.那么本题的答案就应是C了。
1. Which do you enjoy ____ your holiday, going touring or staying at home?
A. spending B. to spend C. spend
2. It’s our duty to ____ people ____ too many trees.
A. stop; cutting down B. prevent; to cut down
C. keep; cutting down D. make; cut down
3. ——Will you please show me how to do the role play exercise?
——Sure. Now let me tell you ____ first.
A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do
4. It’s selfish ____ Eddie ____ the whole birthday cake.
A. of; to eat B. of; eating C. for; to eat D. for; eating
5. Students should pay attention to ____ the teacher in class.
A. hear B. listen to C. listening to D. hearing of
6. My friend, Darren, is coming to visit us. I’m looking forward to ____ him.
A. meet B. meeting C. to meet D. to meeting
7. Grandma ____ us stories when we were very young.
A. used to tell B. is used to tell C. was used to telling
8. They are too tired, so they stop ____ and have a rest.
A. working B. to work C. work
9. Is this the factory ____ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
Is this the factory ____ he worked ten years ago?
A. that B. where C. which D. the one
10. He has two sons, ____ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of them D. all of whom
【答案与解析】
1.解析:本题易错选A。其原因在于很多同学都认为enjoy doing sth.是一个习惯搭配,然而本题的答题关键却在题目的后半部分going touring or staying at home,说明是在两者中选择做什么来度过这个假期。事实上对于此类题目若同学们觉得比较难的话,可将该句改为:You enjoy which ____ your holiday, going touring or staying at home?由此我们就可确定正确答案应为B。再如:
After school, what my son enjoys ____ football.
A. playing B. played C. to play D. is playing
本题易错选A。而正确思路应为what my son enjoys 为主语从句,此句缺少be作谓语,故排除B和C,应选D。
2. 解析:本题易错选C。因为许多同学都会认为“阻止某人做某事”可用stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth.,但是,stop/prevent在主动语态中可将后面的from省去,被动语态中三者均不可省,而有的同学会误认为from在所有的主动语态中都可以省,于是就会错选C。若用keep sb. doing sth. 就表示“让某人一直做某事”,意思显然不对。本题的正确答案应为A。
3. 解析:本题易错选B。一般同学们会认为“我要教你怎么做”是方式,所以用how to do。但事实上该句是在考查名词性从句的省略现象,若将该句还原,我们会得到以下句子:Let me tell you ____(第一步该怎么做)。那么我们可以这样来表达:how you should do it first/what you should do。如果将其省略就应为how to do it/what to do。因此本题的正确答案应为D。再如:
I need your help because I don’t know ____.
A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it D. what should I do
4. 解析:本题易错选C。因为很多同学会认为“对于Eddie来说是selfish的”,然而此题的考查重点在于介词的选择。我们说“如果某事对于某人来说是怎么样的”,会经常使用for,而如果是“某人本身所具有的本质”的话,则应使用of,常见的句型有:It’s important/strange/necessary for sb. to do sth.;It is selfish/brave/foolish/clever of sb. to do sth.。因此本题的正确答案应为A。
5. 解析:本题易错选B。此题的关键在于pay attention to中的to 为介词,其后应接doing。因此本题的正确答案应为C。
6. 解析:本题易错选C。此题的关键在于looking forward to中的to 为介词,其后应接doing。因此本题的正确答案应为B。
7. 解析:本题易错选C。此题主要考查这几个形式相近的词组的含义。used to do 意为“过去常常做某事”,be used to do 意为“被用来做某事”,而be used to doing则表示“习惯于做某事”。因此本题的正确答案应为A。
8. 解析:本题主要是要搞清楚stop to do 与stop doing的区别,stop后接动词不定式表示“停下来去做某事”,而接动名词则表示“停止做某事”,根据句意本题应选A。后接动词不定式和动名词含义不一样的还有以下词组:remember to do 意为“记得去做某事”,remember doing意为“记得做过某事”。类似的还有forget/regret/go on 等。
9. 解析:这3道题是定语从句中较为典型的题。我们知道定语从句必须要满足3个条件:(1)必须要有先行词;(2)先行词在从句中必须充当一定的成分;(3)关系词要代替前面的先行词。而定语从句连接词的选择是考查的重中之重,主要是看从句中缺什么成分,通常是缺什么就补什么。这几道题的答案分别应为A,D,B。我们可将它们转换为以下几种形式:
This is the factory ____ you visited the other day. (从句中缺少宾语)
This factory is ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday. (该句无先行词,若为名词性从句则应用what来引导)
This is the factory ____ he worked ten years ago. (从句中缺少状语)
10. 解析:该题易错选C。在定语从句中逗号是十分关键的,题中逗号说明该句为非限制性定语从句,所以只能选择B。然而若将题干改为He has two sons and ____ work as chemists.那么本题的答案就应是C了。