私塾是我国古代私人所设立的教学场所,鲁迅少年求学时所上的“三味书屋”就是私塾。私塾的学生多六岁入学。就教材而言,私塾通用的多为“三、百、千、千”,即《三字经》、《百家姓》、《千家诗》、《千字文》等。教学时数则因人因时分为“短学”与“长学”两类。“短学”一般是一至三个月不等,家长只求学生日后能识些字,能记账,能写对联即可,因此对课成了私塾教学的主要内容和练习方法。 The private school is a teaching place set up by an ancient private country in China. The “Sanwei Book House” used by Lu Xun’s youngsters is a private school. Private students are admitted to school at the age of six. In terms of textbooks, the most common private schools are “three hundred, one thousand, one thousand,” namely, the “three-character classics,” “one hundred surnames,” “thousand poems,” and “thousand-character essays.” The number of teaching hours is divided into two categories: “short learning” and “long learning.” “Short learning” is usually one to three months. Parents only ask students to know some words in the future, be able to keep accounts, and write couplets. Therefore, the lesson has become the main content and practice method of private lessons.