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Objective: To study the physical quality of female college students in China and Belarus and to analyze the influence of physical education on it.Method: In China（Dalian Medical University）and Belarus（National Technical University of Belarus）,200 female students（100 from China and 100 from Belarus）were selected as freshmen,aged between 17 and 19 years.1.Measure the basic physical condition of students,including height,weight,girth parameters,hand strength,vital capacity,body composition showing fat and muscle tissue distribution,moisture and other components in the body.2.Functional parameters of cardiovascular system,respiratory system,nervous system and total physical labor capacity were measured.3.Measurement of physical fitness.Including high speed,strength,explosive force,general endurance,power endurance,coordination and flexibility and other basic dynamic qualities.4.Questionnaire survey.Understand the regularity and orientation of individual physical exercise.The results were processed by the method of mathematical statistics.P ＜ 0.05 indicates that the difference has obvious statistical significance.Results: There were statistical differences between the two groups in the following aspects（P ＜ 0.05）: girth of the left biceps is 21.71±7.23 cm（Chinese students）and 24.91±4.34 cm（Belarusian students）;dynamometry is 23.00±6.24 N（Chinese students）and 20.19±3.17 N（Belarusian students）;vital capacity is2267.53±316.87 milliliters（Chinese students）and 3139.95±285.65 milliliters（Belarusian students）;muscle weight is 37.21±4.36 kg（Chinese students）and32.91±3.51 kg（Belarusian students）,body fat is 16.73±3.82 kg（Chinese students）and 12.62±3.07 kg（Belarusian students）,body moisture weight is 30.09±4.13 kg（Chinese students）and 35.23±4.29 kg（Belarusian students）,body fat percentage is28.38±6.77%（Chinese students）and 22.31±6.92%（Belarusian students）,total protein is 8.11±0.98 kg（Chinese students）and 9.06±1.21 kg（Belarusian students）,inorganic salt is 2.76±0.52 kg（Chinese students）and 3.24±0.74 kg（Belarusian students）,right upper limb moisture content is 1.45±0.16 kg（Chinese students）and1.37±0.11 kg（Belarusian students）;orthostatic test is 9.09±3.93（Chinese students）and 19.38±5.16（Belarusian students）;kinesthetically test is 6.82±2.94（Chinese students）and 2.21±1.02（Belarusian students）;test Rufe is 10.64±2.53（Chinese students）and 7.79±2.86（Belarusian students）;PWC170 is 481.25±32.44（Chinese students）and 568.08±41.28（Belarusian students）;run 4*9 meters is 12,63±0.47seconds（Chinese students）and 12,01±0.42 seconds（Belarusian students）;run 800 meters is 3 minutes and 55±18 seconds（Chinese students）and 3 minutes and37±14 seconds（Belarusian students）.Conclusion: There are obvious differences in physical quality between female college students in China and Belarus,which is related to their respective physical education.