内能是初中物理的难点之一,主要是难在内能、热量、温度三者变化的关系上,不少学生经常混淆这三个概念,理不清它们之间的区别与联系.要突破这一难点,澄清一些似是而非的认识是教学的关键.1内能、热量与温度三者之间的关系1.1内能与热量内能是由物体的“状态”决定的,这里的“状态”不仅是指组成物体的物质状态,还包括物质的种类、物体的质量及温度.物体的“状态”确定,物体的内能也随之确定.要使物体的内能 Internal energy is one of the difficulties of junior high school physics, mainly difficult to internal energy, heat, temperature changes in the relationship between the three, many students often confuse these three concepts, not clear the difference between them and contact. This difficulty, to clarify some paradoxical knowledge is the key to teaching.1 The relationship between internal energy, heat and temperature 1.1 The internal energy and heat Internal energy is determined by the “state ” of the object, where “ State ”not only refers to the state of the substance that makes up the object, but also the kind of substance, the quality and the temperature of the object, the“ state ”of the object, and the internal energy of the object is also determined.