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Abstract: This paper studies literary translation from the perspective of polysystem theory. The translated literature tries to gain the position in the target environment. literary translation is the manipulation of the image
Keywords: Polysystem theory; manipulation of the image; literary translation
1. Introduction
Since literary translation is a complicated question across all over the world. The God disintegrates all the human language and because he is afraid of all human will unite to overthrow his or her regime. Therefore, every nation has its own language.
2. The analysis of the text
2.1The translation of Hanshan’s poems: The image of hanshan’s translation
The Hanshan’s poems are not popular in China before whether it is in ancient China or in the early contemporary society. However, when the hanshan’s poems were imported into Japan, the destiny of Hanshan’s poems are to change. The Japanese poets like such a kind of poems. They interested in the image of what hanshan described in the poems, though there are few historical accounts of hanshan’s life, even in the Chinese historical book.
Now let’s see an example. 一向寒山坐
一向寒山坐 淹留三十年
昨来访亲友 大半入黄泉
渐减如残烛 长流似逝川
今朝对孤影 不觉泪双流
Gary Snyder’s version
I have lived at Cold Mountain
These thirty long years
Yesterday I call on friends and family
More than half had gone to the Yellow Spring
Slowly consumed, like fire down a cradle.
Forever flowing, like a passing river.
Now, morning, I face my lone shadow.
Suddenly my eyes are bleared with tears. (Gary Snyder: 48)
In this poem, Our Chinese would like to interpret this poem as a regret poem, however the translator change the image of Hanshan by using the different word choice. The translator adds the “long “word to describe the unusualness of Hanshan. The translator also adds the word “forever” to describe the stream, and it gives a mysterious meaning to the river. The original one mainly give us the impression is that Hanshan is unhappy about the past time, while the translated one tries to give us the impression that Hanshan is magic and he is different from others.
2.2My own experience:
The translation of the novel test. The translation of the word “said” In the novel, there many “said”s. So if we all translated it in to “ 说”. It can not fully express the author’s thought. Therefore I try to use different expressions to translate the “said”. For example, according the character and the specific contest, I use the most appropriate word to describe it. For example, the character Alicson, I use “嘟哝”and “带着疑惑地说”and so on. The other person also uses the different and suitable words to translate the same word “said”. The translation of the novel Macdnald’ s dream. Every section of the novel has no title. But in order to attract reader, I, according to the Chinese novel, add titles to every section. I use the four-characters to create the aesthetic beauty. These are my added titles:1. 第一回：神童出世 搅乱世界2. 第二回：偶遇神马 争执不下3.第三回：路遇赌徒 阴谋策划4. 第四回：梦入仙境 翩翩少女5. 第五回：喜得神马 迎接挑战6. 第六回：苏镇惹事 大战在即 etc. So I use these beautiful titles to attract the readers.
3. Conclusion:
For the literary translation, I analyze it from the point view of polysystem theory. I point out the translated literature is try to manipulate the image of the literature.
References：
[1]Gary, S. (1965). Riprap and Cold Mountain Poems [M].San Francisco: Grey Fox Press.
[2]Guo Z. (1999). Ming Jia Fan Yi Yan Jiu, HuBei: HuBei Educational Publisher.
[3]Lefevere, A. (1992). Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame, London：Routledge.
[4]Lefevere, A. ed., (1992). Translation, History, Culture,--A Sourcebook, London：Routledge.
[5]Xu, Y (2009). The Art of Translation. Beijing: Five Pacific Oceans Publisher.
作者简介：张格（1986~），男，浙江慈溪人，杭州电子科技大学英语语言文学在读硕士生，研究方向：翻译学与语言学方向。
Keywords: Polysystem theory; manipulation of the image; literary translation
1. Introduction
Since literary translation is a complicated question across all over the world. The God disintegrates all the human language and because he is afraid of all human will unite to overthrow his or her regime. Therefore, every nation has its own language.
2. The analysis of the text
2.1The translation of Hanshan’s poems: The image of hanshan’s translation
The Hanshan’s poems are not popular in China before whether it is in ancient China or in the early contemporary society. However, when the hanshan’s poems were imported into Japan, the destiny of Hanshan’s poems are to change. The Japanese poets like such a kind of poems. They interested in the image of what hanshan described in the poems, though there are few historical accounts of hanshan’s life, even in the Chinese historical book.
Now let’s see an example. 一向寒山坐
一向寒山坐 淹留三十年
昨来访亲友 大半入黄泉
渐减如残烛 长流似逝川
今朝对孤影 不觉泪双流
Gary Snyder’s version
I have lived at Cold Mountain
These thirty long years
Yesterday I call on friends and family
More than half had gone to the Yellow Spring
Slowly consumed, like fire down a cradle.
Forever flowing, like a passing river.
Now, morning, I face my lone shadow.
Suddenly my eyes are bleared with tears. (Gary Snyder: 48)
In this poem, Our Chinese would like to interpret this poem as a regret poem, however the translator change the image of Hanshan by using the different word choice. The translator adds the “long “word to describe the unusualness of Hanshan. The translator also adds the word “forever” to describe the stream, and it gives a mysterious meaning to the river. The original one mainly give us the impression is that Hanshan is unhappy about the past time, while the translated one tries to give us the impression that Hanshan is magic and he is different from others.
2.2My own experience:
The translation of the novel test. The translation of the word “said” In the novel, there many “said”s. So if we all translated it in to “ 说”. It can not fully express the author’s thought. Therefore I try to use different expressions to translate the “said”. For example, according the character and the specific contest, I use the most appropriate word to describe it. For example, the character Alicson, I use “嘟哝”and “带着疑惑地说”and so on. The other person also uses the different and suitable words to translate the same word “said”. The translation of the novel Macdnald’ s dream. Every section of the novel has no title. But in order to attract reader, I, according to the Chinese novel, add titles to every section. I use the four-characters to create the aesthetic beauty. These are my added titles:1. 第一回：神童出世 搅乱世界2. 第二回：偶遇神马 争执不下3.第三回：路遇赌徒 阴谋策划4. 第四回：梦入仙境 翩翩少女5. 第五回：喜得神马 迎接挑战6. 第六回：苏镇惹事 大战在即 etc. So I use these beautiful titles to attract the readers.
3. Conclusion:
For the literary translation, I analyze it from the point view of polysystem theory. I point out the translated literature is try to manipulate the image of the literature.
References：
[1]Gary, S. (1965). Riprap and Cold Mountain Poems [M].San Francisco: Grey Fox Press.
[2]Guo Z. (1999). Ming Jia Fan Yi Yan Jiu, HuBei: HuBei Educational Publisher.
[3]Lefevere, A. (1992). Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame, London：Routledge.
[4]Lefevere, A. ed., (1992). Translation, History, Culture,--A Sourcebook, London：Routledge.
[5]Xu, Y (2009). The Art of Translation. Beijing: Five Pacific Oceans Publisher.
作者简介：张格（1986~），男，浙江慈溪人，杭州电子科技大学英语语言文学在读硕士生，研究方向：翻译学与语言学方向。